近江牡蛎等3种贝类的脂类成分分析  

Lipid components of Ostrea rivularis,Paphia undulata and Pinctada martensii

作　　者：刘书成[1] 李德涛[1] 高加龙[1] 黄斌勇[1] 章超桦[1] 郝记明[1] 张丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524025 [2]广东海洋大学农学院,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《水产学报》2009年第4期666-671,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD29B09);农业部948项目(2006-G42);广东海洋大学自然科学基金(2007)

摘　　要：分析3种贝类的脂类成分，以期为贝类的高值化加工利用提供基础数据。采用氯仿甲醇法提取近江牡蛎、波纹巴菲蛤和马氏珠母贝中的脂质成分，分析脂质中的胆固醇和磷脂含量，采用液液萃取技术分离中性脂和极性脂，并用GC—MS分析其脂肪酸组成。研究结果表明，3种贝类的粗脂肪含量基本在1％左右；脂质成分中胆固醇含量在0．07～0．12mg／g；脂质中磷脂含量在14％～34％，极性脂含量在27％～45％；脂质中EPA和DHA总含量在12％～22％，近江牡蛎和波纹巴菲蛤脂质中EPA含量高于DHA，而马氏珠母贝脂质中DHA含量高于EPA。Lipid composition of three seashells was analyzed in order to provide the basic data for the high value processing and development of seashells. The total lipids were extracted from Ostrea rivularis, Paphia undulata and Pinctada martensii with methanol and chloroform, the content of cholesterol and phospholipids was analyzed by colourimetry, the neutral lipid and polar lipid were separated by liquid-liquid extraction, and the composition and content of fatty acids were analyzed by GC-MS. The results are as follows： the content of crude protein from three seashells is about 10%, the content of crude fat is about 1%, and the content of ash is above 1.3%. The content of cholesterol in crude fat is in the range of 0.07 -0.12 mg/g, much lower than 3.55 mg/g of eggs, much lower than 5.40 mg/g of squid, therefore three seashells for human consumption do not involve the danger of high cholesterol intake. The content of phospholipids from three seashells is in the range of 14% -34%, much higher than 6.67% of soybean, but lower than 45.2% of yolk, in addition, phospholipids of seashell are also rich in EPA and DHA, therefore seashell phospholipids have a high nutritional value. The content of polar lipid in crude fat is in the range of 27% - 45%, the content of neutral lipid is in the range of 51% -62%, and polar lipid composition is mainly phospholipids. The 30 kinds of fatty acids are detected from seashells lipid, the characteristics of fatty acid composition are similar in total lipid, neutral lipid and polar lipid, and the total content of saturated fatty acid is in the range of 32% -44%, mainly C14： 0, C16：0 and C18： 0; the total content of monounsaturated fatty acid is the range of 9% -17%, mainly C16： 1, C18：1 and C20：1 ; the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is in the range of 41% - 50%, mainly C20 ： 3, C20 ： 5 （ EPA ）, C22 ： 2 and C22 ： 5 （ DHA ）, especially the content of EPA and DHA is in the range of 15% -28%. The content of EPA in Ostrea rivularis and Paphia undulata is

关 键 词：贝类 脂类 胆固醇 磷脂 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S937.3[农业科学—渔业资源]