区域生态共建的理论和制度设计探讨  

Study on the Theory and System Arrangement of Ecological Inter-construction

作　　者：张文磊[1] 张思颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2009年第4期143-146,共4页Environmental Science and Management

基　　金：宁波市环境保护科学研究设计院;复旦大学环境科学与工程系;<余慈地区生态环境保护与建设规划>

摘　　要：生态保护过程中外部性的存在要求引入各种生态补偿措施,但传统生态补偿的实施面临着补偿标准量化难、约束性差、主体模糊和地区发展不均衡等很多问题。采取生态共建的新补偿模式有助于克服传统问题,但其自身也存在固有的实施瓶颈,包括"面临区域发展冲突"、"要素支撑力限制"、"与现有产业的矛盾范围广"、"投入大、持续时间长"等。在对这些瓶颈进行分析的基础上,要克服生态共建的制约因素,应进行一系列的制度设计,从"统一的组织领导"、"有效的交流机制"、"共建目标细化和项目具体化"、"对地方政府的激励机制"、"公众参与"这5个方面保障生态共建的顺利开展。Ecological compensation has been adopted into ecological protection so as to set off the affect of negative extemality. The first part of this paper presents a brief introduction of the difficulties involving in the implementation of traditional measures of ecological compensation. A new type of ecological compensation called ecological inter - construction is also facing a dilemma although it is helpful to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods to some extent. The inherent disadvantages and constrains of ecological inter - construction such as conflicts with the regional development and the present industry also circumscribes its practical application. Based on both the theoretical analysis and case study of the bottleneck existing in the actualization of the traditional ecological compensation measures and ecological inter - construction respectively, this paper recommends in the last part that system rearrangement with regard to five aspects should be taken into consideration in order to break through the bet- tleneck, which include unified organization and leadership, effective mechanism of communication, materialization and reification of the inter - construction objective, inspiring policies to local governments and participation of the public.

关 键 词：生态保护 补偿 共建 瓶颈 制度设计 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]