鸭梨芽变优系主要器官性状研究  

Research on The Main Organ Characters in Fine Varieties from Bud of Yali Pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)

作　　者：王彦敏[1] 马晓娣[1] 申连长[1] 樊慧敏[1] 孟艳玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《北方园艺》2009年第8期64-67,共4页Northern Horticulture

摘　　要：采用田间观察和室内分析相结合的方法,对2个鸭梨芽变优系(巨鸭梨、光鸭梨)的生物学及遗传学性状进行研究,为培育鸭梨新品种奠定基础。结果表明:巨鸭梨:果实巨大,花朵较大,花瓣数目多,花粉粒较长;叶片和栅栏组织均较厚,叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率都较高,属于鸭梨特大果新品系。光鸭梨:果面洁净(果点稀而大,果面锈斑面积小),果肉质地细腻而酥脆,酸味较浓;枝条皮孔和叶片气孔密度均较小;果实成熟期比普通鸭梨晚约7 d。属于外观品质和内在品质俱佳的鸭梨优质新品系。与普通鸭梨相比,巨鸭梨雄蕊多出1条Rf 0.206酶带,而少了1条Rf 0.556酶带;光鸭梨未展叶雏梢多出了2条酶带(Rf 0.079和Rf 0.127),Ф1 cm的幼果多出1条活性较强的Rf 0.560酶带,Ф2 cm的幼果少了1条Rf 0.860酶带。巨鸭梨和光鸭梨既有与普通鸭梨共同的遗传基础,又有一定的遗传差异,是鸭梨新的变异类型。In order to lay the foundation for breeding new varieties of Yali pear, the biological and genetics characteristics in two fine varieties from bud of Yali pear （Juyali pear and Guangyali pear） were researched by observing and analyzing. The results demonstrated.Juyali pear, the fruit was very big, the diameter of corolla was longer, the number of petal was more, the vertical diameter of pollen was longer, the thickness of leaf and fence organization were both thicker, the chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate both were higher. Juyali pear with especially big fruit was the new variety of Yali pear. Guangyali pear, the fruit surface was clean （fruit spot was big and thin, area of rust stain was small）, the sarcoearp was fine, crisp and with more acidity, the lenticel in branch and stoma in leaf were both less, thematurity date of fruit was about 7 d ays later than general pear （CK）. Guangyali pear with good external and internal quality was the new variety of Yali pear. Compared to general Yali pear, Juyali pears increased one band （Rf 0. 206） and decreased one band （Rf 0. 556） in stamen. Guangyali pears increased two bands （Rf 0. 079 and Rf 0. 127） in tip of young stem, increased one band （Rf 0. 560） with more activity in young fruit （φ 1 cm） and decreased one band （Rf 0. 860） in young fruit （φ 2 cm）. Juyali pear and Guangyali pear had both common genetic basis and genetic differences to general Yali pear, and they both were the new varieties of Yali pear.

关 键 词：鸭梨 芽变优系 器官 性状 

分 类 号：S661.203.6[农业科学—果树学]