上海市学龄儿童“白天困倦”相关危险因素研究  

Prevalence of daytime sleepiness and association with sleep behaviors,sleep environment in school-aged children of Shanghai City

作　　者：李生慧[1] 沈晓明[2] 金星明[3] 颜崇淮[2] 吴胜虎[2] 江帆[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院,上海200092 [2]上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室,上海200092 [3]上海交通大学附属上海儿童医学中心,上海200127

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2009年第4期376-379,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30700670);上海市儿科学重点学科(T0204);上海市医学重点学科(05Ⅲ002);上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金项目(jdy-070Ⅱ);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(09YZ92);上海交通大学晨星青年学者奖励计划(08-10)

摘　　要：【目的】通过白天困倦视角评估上海市学龄儿童睡眠现状，并从儿童就寝／晨起习惯、睡眠行为和睡眠环境中寻找白天困倦的相关危险因素。【方法】采用分级整群抽样，于2005年11～12月对上海市10所小学的一至五年级4108名学龄儿童进行了问卷调查，调查内容包括儿童个人及家庭状况基本情况（采用自制问卷）、白天困倦表现及睡眠行为（采用中文版儿童睡眠习惯问卷-CSHQ）。【结果】上海市学龄儿童白天困倦的总发生率为75．2％．随着年龄的增长，发生率呈缓慢下降趋势。相关因素分析显示，儿童睡眠习惯无规律、患有睡眠焦虑、异态睡眠和睡眠呼吸障碍、平时就寝时间晚、周末晨起时间晚、与父母同床睡或同房睡等八个因素为上海市学龄儿童“白天困倦”的危险因素。【结论】上海市学龄儿童“白天困倦”十分普遍，相关影响因素涉及睡眠习惯、睡眠行为和睡眠环境。与单纯的睡眠“量”相比，睡眠的“质”和健康的睡眠行为可能更有助于儿童得到充分的休息。[Objective] To assess the prevalence of daytime sleepiness and to examine its associations with sleep patterns, sleep behaviors and sleep environments in school-aged children of Shanghai city. [Methods] From November to December,2005,a total of 4 108 school-aged children from 10 preliminary schools of Shanghai city entered the study by a cross-sectional survey. Parent-administered questionnaires for investigating family and personal information and the Chinese version of CSHQ for measuring daytime sleepiness and sleep behaviors were completed respectively. [Results] Daytime sleepiness was extraordinarily common with a prevalence of as high as 75.2% in Shanghai schoolaged children. With advancing age,the prevalence gradually increased. Multivariate logistic regression model identified the following sleep disorders, sleep patterns and sleep environments were associated with an increased likelihood of higher prevalence of daytime sleepiness：sleep duration disorder, sleep anxiety, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing, later bedtime during weekdays, later wake time on weekends and bed or room sharing with parents/caregivers. [Conclusions] Daytime sleepiness is very highly prevalent in Shanghai school-aged children and correlative influential factors are muhifactorial, covering sleep disorders, sleep patterns and sleep environments. Compared with sleep duration, unsatisfied sleep quality, unhealthy sleep behaviors seemed to be more closely correlated to daytime sleepiness.

关 键 词：白天困倦 睡眠环境 睡眠行为 睡眠障碍 儿童 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]