结构-声耦合法在汽车仪表板隔声性能仿真分析中的应用  

Simulation on sound insulation performance analysis of automotive dash by using structure-sound interaction method

作　　者：陈馨蕊[1] 郝志勇[1] 杨陈[1] 王玉兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械与能源工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2009年第8期154-157,共4页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：十一五科技支撑计划(2006BA104B04-2);国家自然科学基金项目(10672141)

摘　　要：镁合金材料具有密度小、比刚度高、阻尼大、抗冲击性好等优势,已成功用于汽车仪表板。应用结构-声耦合法分析仪表板的隔声性能,可避免传统理论求解对模型的苛刻要求和实验条件的限制。通过与实验结果比较,证实结构-声耦合法预测结构隔声性能的可靠性,并得出了扩散声场内汽车仪表板传声损失的数值结果。结果表明,在低频段,相同面密度的压铸镁合金仪表板的隔声性能明显优于钢质仪表板。换用轻质镁合金材料后,需改进原有的结构,使仪表板的固有频率避开噪声源的峰值频段,避免结构在某些频段内的声学特性恶化。采用镁合金材料可在满足汽车减重要求的同时,改善驾驶室内的声学环境。In order to avoid severe requirements in theoretical model and numerous limits in experimental conditions, sound insulation performance of dash was analysed numerically by using structure-sound interaction method. The approach was validated by comparing the numerical solutions with experimental results. Sound transmission loss of automotive dash in diffuse field was computed. The results indicate that in low frequency band, comparing with steel based dash, sound insulation performance of magnesium alloy based dash is much better. Replacing steel by magnesium alloy, the original structure of dash needs to be improved, and its eigenfrequency should be beyond the spectral peaks of noise source to avoide deterioration of acoustic characteristics in certain frequency bands. Moreover, applying magnesium alloy in vehicle can reduce weight as well as improve cab’s acoustic environment.

关 键 词：镁合金 仪表板 结构-声耦合 传声损失 

分 类 号：TB532[理学—物理]