造礁石珊瑚与其共生藻(Symbiodinium)共生研究进展  

The current state of research in scleractinian coral-Symbiodinium symbiosis

作　　者：周国伟[1,2,3] 黄晖[1] 喻子牛[1] 董志军[1,3] 李元超[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广州510301 [2]中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,三亚572000 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第8期4397-4407,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院台站基金支持资助项目(YTZJJ0502);国家自然科学基金资助项目(90211015;40776085)

摘　　要：对造礁石珊瑚与其共生藻共生研究现状及其在全球变化下的适应能力进行较全面的综述。造礁石珊瑚与遗传和生理功能独特的共生藻组成内共生关系是成功演化的范例。近年来对珊瑚共生体的分子系统学研究表明共生藻遗传多样性极为丰富,当前认为共生藻属至少包括8个(A—H)各自包含亚系群的世系或系群。珊瑚-共生藻共生功能体对诸如全球变化引起的海水温度上升等环境变化十分敏感。由于珊瑚以及珊瑚礁面临气候变化的严峻挑战,对珊瑚与其共生藻共生关系和共生功体适应能力的研究将是未来重要的研究领域之一。Here,the current state of research in scleractinian coral-Symbiodinium symbiosis,the adaptability of Symbiodinium associations to rapid environmental change,and symbiosis evolution is reviewed.Reef corals form associations with an array of genetically and physiologically distinct endosymbiontic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium.The relationship between zooxanthellae and scleractinian corals is an example of the evolutionary success of such a symbiotic association.Recent molecular phylogenetic studies on the symbionts of coral have revealed an extraordinary diversity of Symbiodinium lineages.Based upon nuclear ribosomal DNA（rDNA） gene polymorphisms,the genus Symbiodinium is currently recognized to comprise at least eight highly divergent phylogenetic clades or lineages（A to H） that in turn contain multiple molecular subclade types.Additional ecological and evolutionary studies have shown that the complexity of these symbiosis.Elucidating the specificity and flexibility between different Symbiodinium and host corals requires additional research.The health of the holobiont is very sensitive to changes in the environment such as elevated sea temperatures due to global climate change.The relationship between corals and Symbiodinium and the adaptability of holobiont are a key area for future research due to the critical challenges that corals,and the reefs they build,face as a consequence of rapid climate change.

关 键 词：造礁石珊瑚 共生藻 共生 演化 全球变化 白化 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]