用于微观行人仿真的邻域决策模型  

Neighborhood-based Decision-Making Model for Microscopic Pedestrians Simulation

作　　者：孙立光[1] 史其信[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学交通研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《公路工程》2009年第4期68-72,共5页Highway Engineering

摘　　要：对适用于连续空间的基于力的行人仿真模型进行综述,并以社会力模型(Social Force Model,SFM)为例,指出了其本质局限性。在此基础上提出了全新的适用于连续空间的微观行人仿真模型:邻域决策模型(Neighborhood-based Decision-Making Model,NDM)。该模型使用"方向选择与速率调整"相结合的方法对行人的微观动作进行描述,并采用邻域作用原理(Neighborhood-based Impact Principle,NEP)驱动行人的决策过程。介绍了模型的基本原理,包括基于主观效用最大化原则的方向选择以及模型对于邻近行人和空间障碍物的处理思路。最后,通过一系列复杂场景内的单人行走仿真试验,验证了模型对于复杂邻域状态的处理能力,并深入分析了在不同参数配置下模型所模拟出的行人的行为特征,充分证明了模型的有效性。The Force-based Pedestrians Simulation Models which are applicable to continuous space are reviewed in this paper. Taking Social Force Model （SFM） for example, the limitations of these models are pointed out. To improve the limitations, a new simulation model ：Neighborhood-based Decision-Making Model （NDM） in continuous space was proposed. This model adopts a new descriptive method of pedestrians＇ movement combining direction choice and speed adjusting, and drives pedestrians＇ decision-making process based on Neighborhood-based Impact Principle. This paper introduced NDM ＇ s basic principle that includes （ 1 ） the direction choice method based on the principle of subjective utility maximization and （2） the treatment consideration for adjacent people and spatial obstacles. Finally, a series of single pedestrian walking simulation test in the complex scenarios was presented and the various pedestrian＇ s reacting characters to obstacles and people from different parametric configs were indeep analyzed. The simulation results proved the ability to deal with obstacles and the feasibility of the Neighborhood-based Decision-Making Model.

关 键 词：方向选择 邻域作用原理 社会力模型 邻域决策模型 

分 类 号：U491.25[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]