城乡高中生睡眠质量及相关因素的对照研究  

A comparative study on related factors of sleep quality between urban and rural senior high school students

作　　者：李宪伟[1] 掌永莉[1] 刘金同[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省精神卫生中心,济南250014 [2]山东大学医学院精神卫生研究所

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2009年第9期845-847,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

摘　　要：目的探讨城乡高中生睡眠质量及相关影响因素。方法应用抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）及自拟基本情况调查表，抽取山东省济南市某中学和曲阜某中学高二年级各12个班学生共1407名作为研究对象，进行睡眠质量、焦虑、抑郁和学生家庭、学校相关因素调查及统计分析。结果高中生睡眠障碍检出率为14．61％，其中城市为14．01％，农村为15．19％；PSQI总分为（4．21±3．02）分，城市为（3．87±3．12）分，农村为（4．55±2．89）分，农村高于城市，差异有极慰著性（P〈0．01）：PSQI总分与SAS与SDS标准分总分呈显著正相关关系（P〈0．01），与学习成绩呈显著负相关关系（P〈0．01）。影响城市高中生睡眠质量的家庭因素主要有父母健康状况、父子关系、母子关系、父母关系、教养一致性、家庭学习环境、家庭周围风气（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），农村高中生主要有父亲健康状况、父子关系、父母关系、教养一致性、家庭学习环境、家庭周围风气、经济状况（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。影响城市高中生睡眠质量的学校因素主要为学习计划、作业完成情况、学习时间、师生关系、学校风气（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；农村高中生主要为学习计划、学习负担、完成作业情况、学习时间、同学关系、师生关系、学校风气（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论高中生睡眠障碍检出率高，农村高于城市。影响高中生睡眠质量的因素有焦虑抑郁情绪、学习成绩、家庭因素、学校相关因素等，城市与农村影响因素具有一定差异性。Objective To explore the relationships between the sleep quality and the relevant factors of senior high school students from urban and rural. Methods By cluster sampling, a total of 1407 students from one urban senior high school in Jinan and one rural senior high school in Qufu were investigated using self-rating depression scale （SDS） , self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） , The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. The basic information and related factors were also recorded. All the data were inputted into the SPSS database and then ana- lyzed. Results A total 1383 senor high students completed the investigation. Among them 685 （49. 5%） students were from the urban high school, and 698 （50.5%） from rural high school. The detection rate of sleep disorders in high school students was 14.61% in total, and 14.01% in urban students and 15. 19% in rural students respectively ; The total score of PSQI was 4.21± 3.02, and the urban students 3.87 ± 3.12 and the rural students 4.55 ± 2.89, with a significant deference between the two area students （P 〈 0.01 ）. The total score of PSQI was significant related to anxiety and depression（P 〈 0.01 ） , negatively related to the students＇ academic re- cord（P〈0.01 ）. The family factors to effect sleep quality of urban senor high students were parental health condi- tion, father-child relationship, mother-child relationship, parental relations, consistency style of upbringing, fami- ly learning environment and atmosphere around the family, et al （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0. O1 ）. The main factors for rural students were father health condition, parental relationship, family learning environment, atmosphere around the family and the family economic states （P 〈 O. 05 or P 〈 O. Ol ）. The school factors to effect sleep quality of high school students from urban area were study plan, assignment performance, learning time, teacher-student relation- ship and school environment （P 〈 O. 05 or P 〈 O. O1 ）. For students rural were stud

关 键 词：高中生 睡眠质量 相关因素 对照研究 

分 类 号：G635.5[文化科学—教育学]