语篇理解中动允性信息的提取  

Affordance Information Retrieval in Text Comprehension

作　　者：鲁忠义[1] 陈笕桥 邵一杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050091 [2]中国国际企业合作公司,北京100007 [3]承德医学院,河北承德067000

出　　处：《心理学报》2009年第9期793-801,共9页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目(04BYY008);河北师大重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：通过三个实验考察了读者在语篇理解中对动允性(affordance)信息的提取状况,以及动允性在阅读理解中的意义。实验一的结果表明,被试在阅读理解中,会自发地提取语篇中的动允性信息,并围绕着动允性信息组织其他信息;在IEF中的解析过程中,动允性信息对其他信息有组织作用。实验二的结果表明,被试在阅读理解中能够直接提取动允性信息。实验三的结果表明,被试在阅读理解中存在两条提取动允性信息的通路,一条是直接提取动允性信息,另一条是先提取属性信息再推导出动允性信息,选择哪条通路取决于被试是否得到了属性信息。三个实验的结果表明,阅读理解中的动允性与知觉过程中的动允性存在着相当大的相似性。As it has developed over recent years, psycholinguistics has become more and more influenced by the embodied philosophy, and the proposition symbol system, which was formerly widely accepted, is not now believed to the same extent that it was in the past. Recently, several theorists have proposed a new concept called the perceptual symbol system, which considers cognition an embodied progress, and posits that the way we read and think is very similar to the way we perceive. In 2004, Zwaan proposed a theoretical framework based on the perceptual symbol system called the Immersed Experiencer Frame （IEF）. The IEF suggests that the process of text comprehension consists of three processes called activation, construal and integration, and this progression is a process of perceiving the scene that the text describes. This framework is supported by considerable experimental data, and has much to recommend it. However, it has not solved a vital problem; namely, how in the process of construal, the elements are integrated into a complete event. In perceiving the environment, affordance is very important. Affordance is the perceived possibility that the environment allows a behavior of a person or an animal to be realized. Though a key concept in perceptual psychology and ecologic psychology, it is seldom mentioned in the field of text comprehension. We hypothesize here that affordance is also an important concept in text comprehension in that it allows us to understand the organization of other information in the construal process.

关 键 词：语篇理解 动允性 属性 身临其境框架 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]