隧道对超车过程车辆瞬态气动特性的影响  

Influence of road tunnel on vehicle's transient aerodynamic characteristics during overtaking processes

作　　者：李莉[1] 杜广生[1] 刘正刚[1] 雷丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,济南250061

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2009年第5期640-646,共7页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10802042);山东省自然科学基金(批准号:Y2007A04)资助的课题

摘　　要：该文利用动网格和滑动交界面技术实现了一辆轿车超过一辆大型货车过程的三维瞬态数值模拟,分别模拟了在开阔路面和单向双车道隧道内两种工况下的超车过程。通过对车辆外流场进行分析,找出了隧道内超车过程中被超车和主超车的气动力变化规律,并与开阔路面上的相同过程进行了对比。结果表明:超车过程对被超车货车的气动特性影响大,其阻力系数和侧向力系数均发生大幅度变化,呈现类似正弦变化的趋势,而对主超车轿车影响相对较小;隧道内与开阔路面上两种超车过程中,两车侧向力和阻力的变化规律均相同,但是隧道内车辆气动力系数的变化幅度却大于开阔路面,显示隧道内超车对车辆行驶稳定性的影响更大,其安全性更需重视。In this paper, dynamic mesh technique was adopted to realize the three-dimensional transient numerical simulation of a car overtaking a van, and the aerodynamic forces acting on the vehicles were obtained while overtaking processes occur inside the road tunnel and on the open road separately. Also the flow field around the vehicles was analyzed. The results show that aerodynamic drag and side force coefficients acting on the overtaken van change greatly by a sinusoidal rule in trend, while the forces on the overtaking car only have relatively small changes. Aerodynamic force coefficients on vehicles have the same changing trends during the two overtaking process in road tunnel and on open road separately, but the changing range is larger in road tunnel than on open road. It means that the appearance of tunnel wall has influence on the flow field around the vehicle and generates additional aerodynamic forces acted on the vehicle, which may alter its road holding and thus result in safety problems.

关 键 词：动网格技术 瞬态气动特性 超车 隧道 

分 类 号：P731.22[天文地球—海洋科学] O353.2[理学—流体力学]