日粮蛋白水平对瘦肉型和脂肪型肥育猪肌内脂肪含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of Crude Protein Levels in Dietary on Intramuscular Fat Content and Its Fatty Acid Composition of Lean Type and Fat Type of Fattening Pigs

作　　者：汤文杰[1,2] 徐海军[1,2] 刘志强[1,2] 李铁军[1,2] 孔祥峰[1] 谭碧娥[1,2] 尹富贵[1,2] 黄瑞林[1] 印遇龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所动物营养代谢过程与生理调控实验室,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2009年第5期1047-1052,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家“973”项目(2004CB117502);国家自然科学基金项目(30771558);中国科学院海外杰出学者基金项目(2005-1-4)

摘　　要：本试验分析了不同日粮蛋白水平、品种和肌肉纤维类型对肥育猪肌内脂肪(IMF)含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响。22头体重(47.0±4.2)kg的瘦肉型杜×长×大三元杂交猪(DLY)和18头体重(55.9±7.0)kg的脂肪型宁乡猪,分别按日粮蛋白水平随机平均分为2组,DLY分别饲喂蛋白水平为13%和16%的日粮,宁乡猪分别饲喂蛋白水平为10%和13%的日粮。饲喂46 d后每组随机选4头试猪屠宰,采集背最长肌和半腱肌样品,测定IMF含量及脂肪酸组成。结果表明:日粮蛋白水平对同一品种背肌和半腱肌的IMF含量无显著影响(P>0.05);宁乡猪背肌的IMF含量极显著高于DLY(P<0.01),而半腱肌IMF的含量极显著低于DLY(P<0.01);DLY半腱肌的IMF含量极显著高于背肌(P<0.01),而宁乡猪的背肌与半腱肌的IMF含量则无显著差异(P>0.05);与宁乡猪相比,DLY背肌和半腱肌具有更低的油酸(C18∶1)比例和更高的亚油酸(C18∶2)比例(P<0.01);DLY背肌中C18∶1的比例极显著低于半腱肌(P<0.01),而C18∶2比例则无显著差异(P>0.05);宁乡猪的背肌和半腱肌的C18∶1比例与C18∶2比例无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,瘦肉型DLY和脂肪型宁乡猪的背肌和半腱肌的IMF含量及其脂肪酸组成存在明显的不同。The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary crude protein （CP） level, breed and muscle fiber type on intramuscular fat （IMF） content and its fatty acid composition in fattening pigs. Twenty two lean genotype crossed breeds Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire pigs （DLY） [ （47.0 ± 4. 2 ） kg, BW ], and eighteen fat genotype Ningxiang pigs [ （55.9 ±7.0） kg, BW] were equally and randomly divided into two groups, and DLY pigs were fed with lower CP diet （ 13% CP） and higher CP diet （ 16% CP） , Ningxiang pigs were fed with lower CP diet （ 10% CP） and higher CP diet （ 13% CP） , respectively. At feeding 46 days, four pigs of each group were chose randomly, slaughtered, then taken off longissimus dorsi muscle （LM） and semitendinosus muscle （ST） samples, then determined the IMF content and its fatty acid compositions. The results showed that dietary CP levels did not affect the IMF contents in LM and ST of each breed （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The IMF content of LM in Ningxiang pigs was significantly higher than that in DLY pigs （ P 〈0.01 ）, but IMF content of ST was lower （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In DLY pigs, the IMF content of ST was significantly higher than that of LM （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, but in Ningxiang pigs there was no significant difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Compared with Ningxiang pigs, there were lower C18：1 （ P 〈 0.01 ） percentages and higher C18：2 （ P 〈 0. 01 ） percentages both in LM and ST of DLY pigs. In DLY pigs, C18：1 percentage was significantly lower （P 〈 0.01 ） in LM than that in ST, but for C18：2 percentage, there was no significant difference. In Ningxiang pigs, for either C18：1 or C18： 2, no differences between LM and ST（ P 〉 0. 05 ）. These suggested that there are evident difference between fat and lean genotype in those indexes as IMF content and its fatty acid composition in LM and ST muscles.

关 键 词：肥育猪 脂肪酸组成 肌内脂肪 品种 蛋白水平 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]