广东省成人精神残疾主要致残原因和对策分析  

Causes and countermeasures study on psychiatric disabled adults in Guangdong province

作　　者：陈曦[1] 黄东锋[1] 林爱华[2] 李海[3] 刘鹏[1] 陈少贞[1] 龚春光[4] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院康复医学科,广州510080 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院 [3]深圳市宝安区人民医院康复医学科 [4]广东省残疾人联合会

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2009年第10期938-941,共4页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：广东省残联第二次全国残疾人抽样调查研究课题;教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金新教师课题(200805581139);中山大学医科青年教师科研启动基金(3171913)

摘　　要：目的:依据第二次全国残疾人抽样调查广东省调查数据,分析广东省成人精神残疾的主要致残原因,针对性地提出预防和治疗的建议。方法:在2006年随第二次全国残疾人抽样调查工作收集广东省成人精神残疾相关数据,依残疾程度、城乡分布及年龄别不同进行分组统计分析,考查其主要致残原因,并通过调研和医学分析给出预防和治疗建议。结果:不同致残原因对于广东省成人精神残疾患者的残疾程度和年龄别发病情况有显著性差异(P<0.05),城乡分布无显著性差异(P>0.05)。所有致残原因中,精神分裂症是最主要的致残原因(52.1%)。痴呆(45.6%)和其他器质性精神障碍(36.6%)主要引起一级精神残疾;中青年人发生精神残疾的主要原因是精神分裂症(中年58.9%,青年62.9%);老年人发生精神残疾的主要原因是痴呆(43.5%)。结论:为减少和减轻精神残疾需要加强社会心理卫生教育,应加大心理咨询的服务范围,注重痴呆的预防和治疗,加强农村医疗投入,提高农村精神残疾的诊断率和好转率。Objective： With the study on the data from Guangdong province, to analysis the main causes of psychiatric disabled adults and to suggest the effective measures in preventing and treating this impairment. Method： The relative data were collected in 2006. The statistic study was taken according to the disabled severity, urban and rural distribution, also the onset of age. Corresponding suggestions on prevention and treatment were raised according to the data analysis, survey studies and medical knowledge. Result： Different risk causes led to significant differences in disabled severity and the onset ages （P〈0.05）, but the distribution between urban and rural had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. The main cause of psychiatric disability was schizophrenia （52.1%）. Dementia and other organic mental disorders mainly led to psychiatric disability grade 1. The main cause of psychiatric disability in youth（62.9%） and middle-aged （58.9%）patients was schizopbreina, in old patients（43.5%） was dementia. Conclusion： To reduce and alleviate the psychiatric disabilities, more works should be clone on mental hygiene, psychological education medical counseling, as well as prevention and treatment measures against dementia. Meanwhile more financial, medical and professional supports in the rural place should be taken.

关 键 词：精神残疾 第二次全国残疾人抽样调查 精神分裂症 痴呆 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]