形而上学发展史上的三次翻转——海德格尔形而上学之思的启迪  

Three Reversals in the Development of Metaphysics——Reflections on Heidegger's Metaphysics

作　　者：俞吾金[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国外马克思主义研究中心

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2009年第6期4-19,共16页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：复旦大学国外马克思主义与国外思潮创新研究基地2005年度研究项目"后现代主义与马克思主义"(项目批准号05FCZD008)的资助

摘　　要：迄今为止的西方形而上学发展史是由以下三次翻转构成的:首先是以笛卡尔、康德、黑格尔为代表的"主体性形而上学"对柏拉图主义的"在场形而上学"的翻转;其次是在主体性形而上学的内部,以叔本华、尼采为代表的"意志形而上学"对以笛卡尔、康德、黑格尔为代表的"理性形而上学"的翻转;再次是后期海德格尔的"世界之四重整体的形而上学"对其前期的"此在形而上学"的翻转。So far,three reversals(Umkehr) have occurred in Western metaphysics.The first was the reversal from the 'metaphysics of presence' represented by Platonism to the 'metaphysics of subjectivity' represented by Descartes,Kant and Hegel.The second occurred within the framework of the metaphysics of subjectivity,and marked the transformation from the 'metaphysics of reason' represented by Descartes,Kant and Hegel to the 'metaphysics of will' represented by Schopenhauer and Nietzsche.The third reversal was from the 'metaphysics of being-there' in the earlier phase of Heidegger's philosophy to his later 'metaphysics of the world-fourfold.'

关 键 词：在场形而上学 主体性形而上学 理性形而上学 意志形而上学 此在形而上学 世界之四重整体的形而上学 

分 类 号：B08[哲学宗教—哲学理论]