马铃薯茎叶挥发性成分的两种提取方法比较  

Comparison of two extraction methods of volatile compounds from potato stems and leaves

作　　者：陆占国[1] 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学食品工程学院,哈尔滨150076

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2009年第11期350-353,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江教育厅科学技术研究项目(11531061)

摘　　要：应用水蒸气蒸馏-溶剂萃取法和微波辅助-溶剂萃取法提取了成熟期马铃薯茎叶挥发性成分。用乙醚为萃取溶剂的水蒸气蒸馏法提取时,以0.533%(m/m)得油率获得精油;以正己烷为溶剂的微波辅助萃取法的最适提取条件为:温度60℃,时间9min,液料比10︰1(V/m),在此条件下的得油率为0.528%(m/m)。用GC-MS分析检测出水蒸气蒸馏法获得的精油含有81个成分,解析鉴定出占精油相对含量79.386%的43种物质,醇类化合物(24.789%)为主要成分;微波法获得的精油检测出78个成分,解析鉴定出占总精油82.226%的36种成分,酯类化合物(44.482%)为主要成分。2种提取方法获得的精油成分有很大的差别。The extraction of volatile compounds from the mature potato stems and leaves using the hydrodistillation-solvent extraction and microwave assisted-solvent extraction method were studied. The results showed that the yield of the essential oil by hydrodistillation-ether extraction method was 0.533% （m/m）; the optimum extraction conditions of the microwave assisted-solvent extraction method in n-hexane solvent were as follows： extraction tempareture was 60℃, extraction time was 9 min and the ratio of solvent to solid was 10：1 （V/m）, the yield of the essential oil was 0.528%. The chemical composition of the two essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）. In the essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation-solvent extraction method, 81 constituents were detected and 43 compounds which occupied 79.386% of total constituents were identified, alcohols （24.789%） were major constituent. In the essential oil extracted by microwave assisted-solvent extraction method, 78 constituents were detected and 36 compounds which occupied 82.226% of total constituents were identified, esters （44.482%） were major constituent. The essential oil extracted by two methods was significantly different in chemical composition

关 键 词：提取 微波装置 蒸馏 马铃薯茎叶 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]