论春秋战国诸子学说与西周官学传统  

On Theories of Scholars during Periods of Spring-Autumn and Warring States and Traditional Culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：庞慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《史学集刊》2009年第6期27-34,共8页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：陕西师范大学211工程重点学科建设项目"中国古代文明"研究成果之一;陕西师范大学人文社科研究基金项目(200716)

摘　　要：以礼、乐、射、御、书、数等"六艺"为主干的西周官学传统,是孕育春秋战国诸子学说的文化母胎,是诸子立说时必须面对的"传统文化"。诸子对待西周官学传统的态度表面上差别甚大:儒家以"述而不作"自许,坚决捍卫;墨家则更造传统,意存取消;道家的态度,在疏离中有兼容;法家则着眼现实,摒弃传统。诸子时代的历史,是在法家学说的引导下清除旧传统、塑造新传统的历史。但法家力图割裂新、旧传统的主张,却在新传统基本缔造成形之后遭到摒弃。诸子时代结束后,西周官学传统被塑造为思想权威。《汉书·艺文志》中的"诸子出于王官"说,即反映了"大一统"体制下的汉代学者对西周官学传统与汉文化之间关系的确认。With the classical six arts （六艺） including propriety （礼）, music （ 乐 ）, archery （射）, riding （御）, writing（书） ,arithmetic（术） being its main part, the traditional culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty became the cultural matrix of theories of scholars during Periods of Spring - Autumn and Warring States. On the surface, scholars hold different attitudes toward the traditional culture of Western Zhou Dynasty, the Confucian school defended the tradition firmly, Mohist school reforged the tradition, Taoist school estranged itself from the tradition, but at the same time, it identified the tradition to some degree, Legalist school dismissed the tradition while focused on realities. After of Western Zhou Dynasty was molded periods of Spring - Autumn and Warring States, the traditional culture into power of thought.

关 键 词：春秋战国 诸子 西周官学 传统 诗书礼乐 

分 类 号：K225[历史地理—历史学] K224[历史地理—中国史]