Pb^(2+)·Hg^(2+)对平菇菌丝生长的影响及中微量元素对Hg^(2+)的拮抗解毒效应  

Study on the Effects of Pb^(2+),Hg^(2+) on Mycelium Growth of Pleurotus ostreatus and Antagonistic Effects of Alkaline-earth and Trace Elements

作　　者：焦帅[1,2,3] 阮榕生[1,2] 刘玉环[1,2] 彭红[1,2] 刘建强[1,2] 曾稳稳[1,2] 韩东平[1,2] 李瑞贞[1,2] 周厚德[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学食品科学与工程国家重点实验室,江西南昌330047 [2]生物质转化教育部工程研究中心,江西南昌330047 [3]江西省生物质转化工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330047

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第1期72-75,87,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：长江学者创新团队发展计划(IRT0540);江西省教育厅科技计划项目(S00478)

摘　　要：[目的]研究Pb2+、Hg2+对平菇菌丝生长的影响,探索元素Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+与Hg2+之间的拮抗效应。[方法]以平菇1012菌株为材料,采用含不同浓度梯度重金属及中微量元素的培养基进行平板培养试验,观察、测定菌丝生长情况。[结果]Pb2+浓度为0.5~8.0mg/L对平菇菌丝的生长没有不良影响,甚至有不显著的促进作用,Pb2+浓度高于10.0 mg/L,抑制平菇菌丝的生长,Pb2+浓度达到50.0mg/L时,平菇菌丝的生长受到极显著抑制(P≤0.003),当Pb2+浓度≥100.0 mg/L时,菌丝萌发后立即陷入停顿、死亡。Hg2+对平菇的毒性强于Pb2+,从其低浓度开始就对平菇菌丝的生长表现抑制作用,当Hg2+浓度为15 mg/L时,抑制作用显著(P<0.05)。向含浓度15 mg/LHg2+的平板培养基中分别添加碱土元素Ca2+、Mg2+和微量元素Fe2+,对Hg2+抑制平菇菌丝生长的毒害有一定的拮抗解毒效果,其中又以添加浓度1 000 mg/L的Ca2+效果最好。[结论]该研究对于控制食用菌重金属富集有重要的参考价值。[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the effects of Pb^2＋ and Hg^2＋ on mycelium growth of Pleurotus ostreatus and the antagonistic effects of them with alkaline-earth and trace elements. [ Method] Taken P. ostreatus 1012 for materials and cultured with different culture media contained different concentrations heavy metals, alkaline-earth and trace elements. Then the growth situations were observed and determined. [ Result] Pb^2＋ showed no inhibition or even insignificant improvement effects on the mycelium growth of P. ostreatus at low concentration （0.5 -8.0 mg/L） until the concentration was higher than 10.0 mg/L. The mycelium growth of P. ostreatus was significantly inhibited since Pb^2＋ concentration ≥50.0 rag/L（ P≤0. 003 ）. The mycelium stopped growing or died when Pb^2＋ concentration ≥ 100.0 mg/L. The toxicity of Hg^2＋ was higher than that of Pb^2＋, it restrained mycelium growth of P. ostreatus at low concentration, and showed significant inhibition （P 〈0.05） when Hg^2＋ concentration was 15 mg/L. When series concentrations of alkaline-earth elements Ca^2＋ , Mg^2＋ and trace elements Fe^2＋ was added to medium contaminated by 15 mg/L Hg^2＋ respectively, their antagonistic effects on toxic action of Hg^2＋ was observed, and among Ca^2＋ , Mg^2＋ and Fe^2＋ , Ca^2＋ was the best since P. ostreatus blight induced by Hg^2＋ was totally rescued as 1 000 mg/L of Ca^2＋ added. [ Conclusion]This study had important references value on the control of heavy metals enrichment in edible fungi.

关 键 词：重金属 平菇菌丝 碱土元素 微量元素 拮抗解毒 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]