北京市流动儿童主观幸福感的特点  

Subjective well-being of immigrant children in Beijing

作　　者：王瑞敏[1] 邹泓[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2010年第2期131-134,148,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目资助(05JJDXLX001)

摘　　要：目的:了解北京市流动儿童主观幸福感的特点及其与城市儿童的差异。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取4所打工子弟学校、3所混合学校和4所公立学校的小学五六年级和初中一二年级学生,运用幸福感自我评定量表、积极情感/消极情感量表修订版、学生总体生活满意度量表和学生多维生活领域满意度量表对1018名流动儿童和447名城市儿童进行调查。结果:(1)整体上,公立校城市儿童的主观幸福感最高(8.4±1.9),然后依次是混合校城市儿童(8.2±2.1)、混合校流动儿童(7.4±2.3)、打工校流动儿童(6.9±2.7)(F=16.27,P<0.001);(2)流动儿童的总体幸福感得分为7.0±2.6,积极情感得分高于消极情感[(3.0±0.5)vs.(2.3±0.6),P<0.001];(3)流动儿童中,男生对学校的满意度低于女生[(4.5±0.9)vs.(4.7±0.9),P<0.001],而对环境的满意度和总体生活满意度高于女生[(3.7±0.9)vs.(3.5±0.9),P<0.01;(2.9±0.7)vs.(2.8±0.7),P<0.05];(4)流动儿童的总体幸福感、总体生活满意度、学校满意度和环境满意度随着年级的升高而逐渐降低,消极情感和自我满意度随着年级的升高而逐渐上升。结论:流动儿童的主观幸福感处于中等水平以上,在公立学校就读的流动儿童主观幸福感高于打工子弟学校中的流动儿童,但都低于城市儿童。Objective： To explore the subjective well-being （SWB ） of immigrant children and the differences between urban children and immigrant children in Beijing. Methods： The SWB Self-evaluating Scale, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale-Revised Edition, Student Life Satisfaction Scale, and Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale were administrated to a sample of 1018 immigrant children and 447 urban children in 4 immigrant children schools, 3 mixed public schools and 4 public schools in Beijing. Results： （ 1 ） On the whole, immigrant children from school for farmer-worker＇s children { 6. 9 ±2. 7 ） and from mixed public school （ 7.4 ± 2. 3 ） scored lowest on SWB, urban children from mixed public school （ 8. 2 ± 2. 1 ） were placed in the middle, and urban children from public school （ 8.4 ± 1.9） scored highest （ F = 16. 27, P 〈 0. 001 ） . { 2 ） Immigrant children＇s general well-being score was （ 7. 0 ± 2. 6 ） , and their positive affect score was higher than that of negative affect [ （ 3.0 ± 0. 5 ） vs. （2. 3 ±0. 6 ） , P 〈 0. 001 ] . （ 3 ） Boys scored higher in environment satisfaction and general life satisfaction than girls [ （ 3.7 ± 0. 9 ） vs. （ 3.5 ± 0. 9 ）, （ 2. 9± 0. 7 ） vs. （ 2. 8 ±0. 7 ）, Ps 〈 0. 05 ], but lower in school satisfaction [ （ 4. 5 ± 0. 9 ） vs. （ 4. 7 ± 0. 9 ）, P 〈 0. 001 ] . （ 4 ） Higher grade children had more negative affect and self-satisfaction, but lower in the other aspects. Conclusion： Generally speaking, immigrant children subjective well-being are above the average level, and immigrant children in mixed public schools have higher score than those in pure immigrant children schools, but both kinds of immigrant children score lower than urban children in subjective well-being.

关 键 词：心理卫生 流动儿童 主观幸福感 横断面调查 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]