上海市普陀区1277名居民食物摄入频率及其影响因素  

Food Intake Frequency and Its Influencing Factors of 1277 Residents in Putuo District

作　　者：吴春香[1] 马建红[1] 陈科[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市普陀区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,上海200333

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2010年第1期21-23,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解上海市普陀区居民食物摄入频率现状和膳食结构模式,为今后开展营养教育和营养改善工作提供科学依据。[方法]选用2007年上海市普陀区居民营养与健康状况的调查资料,运用食物摄入频率法调查1277名15岁及以上居民,对每位调查对象过去1年的各类食物摄入频率和摄入量进行询问并记录。采用评分方法评价该区居民的膳食质量,采用多元线性回归分析方法筛选食物摄入频率的相关影响因素。[结果]普陀区居民谷类、蔬菜类、水果类、鱼虾类摄入频率较高,得分均在3分以上,畜禽肉类、蛋类、豆类和奶类次之。但蔬菜、水果以及奶类的摄入量与国家推荐标准相比仍有较大差距,居民的膳食结构仍不太合理。影响居民食物摄入频率的主要影响因素是经济状况(P=0.00)、文化程度(P<0.05)、性别(P=0.00)和职业(P<0.05)。[结论]目前普陀区居民的膳食状况以蔬菜、水果和奶类的摄入不足为主要问题,应加强营养知识的宣传教育,引导合理膳食。[ Objective ] To investigate the dietary pattern of residents in Putuo district, Shanghai and provide basic information for nutrition improvement. [ Methods ] All together 1 277 people aged over 15 years in Putuo district who were selected from 2007 Shanghai Nutrition and Health Survey were investigated with food intake frequency questionnaires. Frequency and quantity of the food intake was collected from every participant in the past year. Dietary quantity was evaluated by using scoring evaluating system. The relative risk factors were screened by linear regression analysis. [ Results ] The dietary pattern of residents in Putuo district was unreasonable. The food frequencies of cereals, vegetables, fruits and aquatic products were adequate according to the recommend dietary pyramid, the scores were above 3, and that of animal products, eggs, beans and milk were still low. The intake of vegetables, fruits and milk were not enough. Family economy（ P = 0.00 ）, education（ P 〈 0.05 ）, gender（ P = 0.00 ） and the status of occupation （ P 〈 0.05 ） were the influencing factors of the scores of food frequency. [ Conclusion ] The main problem in dietary status of residents in Putuo district is the insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits and milk. The results indicate that the dietary pattern of the people should be modified by strengthening nutrition education.

关 键 词：膳食结构 膳食摄入频率法 多元线性回归分析 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]