硅橡胶膜生物反应器在苹果原汁发酵过程中的膜分离性能  

Membrane Separation Performance for Apple Juice Fermentation in a Silicone Rubber Membrane Bioreactor

作　　者：汤晓玉[1] 周一慧[1] 原林[1] 陈春燕[1] 蒋越[1] 肖泽仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2010年第1期76-81,共6页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20276041;20776088)

摘　　要：利用硅橡胶膜生物反应器进行了苹果原汁发酵-渗透汽化分离实验,研究了苹果发酵液中的主要风味成分及其渗透汽化分离性能。发酵液中的主要芳香成分与传统苹果酒接近,但酯类物质的含量较低。硅橡胶膜对发酵液中的挥发性轻组分表现出良好的选择透过性,高级醇、酯类和醛类的分离率分别达到90%、76%和67%;而乳酸乙酯、β-苯乙醇和乙酸被不同程度地截留。非挥发性有机酸被截留在膜上游发酵液中。草酸、乙酸、柠檬酸和琥珀酸得到不同程度地浓缩;苹果酸、酒石酸和乳酸在分离过程中可能被微生物细胞所消耗,其含量有所降低。硅橡胶复合膜在选择性地分离挥发性轻组分的同时有效地保护了发酵液中的有机酸等非挥发性营养成分,研究结果进一步证明了采用硅橡胶膜生物反应器同时生产苹果白兰地和果汁发酵饮料的可行性。Fermentation of apple juice and separation of volatile aroma compounds in it by pervaporation were conducted in a silicone rubber membrane bioreactor. The compositions of flavor compounds in fermentation broth and their pervaporation separation performances were experimentally investigated. It was found that the compositions of main aroma compounds present in the broth are similar with that in apple jack produced by conventional methods, except that the esters are relatively lower. The silicone rubber membrane exhibits good separation performance for the volatile components in the broth. The separation efficiencies for higher alcohols, esters and aldehydes are 90%, 76% and 67%, respectively; while the ethyl lactate, β-phenyl ethyl alcohol and acetic acid are retained to varying degrees, and the non-volatile organic acids are all kept in broth. Oxalic acid, acetic acid, citric acid and succinic acid are concentrated to different degrees, while the decrease in the contain of malic acid, tartaric acid and lactic acid may be attributed to microbial consumption during the pervaporatin process. The study shows that, with the help of the silicone rubber membrane, the aroma compounds can be selectively separated and the non-volatile nutrient compounds are well protected in the broth. It also indicates the feasibility of using silicone rubber membrane bioreactor to produce the apple brandy and ferment beverage in one integrated system.

关 键 词：苹果原汁发酵 渗透汽化 芳香物质 有机酸 硅橡胶膜生物反应器 

分 类 号：TQ051.893[化学工程] TQ028.8