α-溴代富马酸二甲酯的合成及抗菌特性研究  

Study on the synthesis and anti-microbial activity of α-bromo dimethyl fumarate

作　　者：黄艳仙[1] 曾霞[1] 黄敏[1] 周如金[1] 

机构地区：[1]茂名学院化学与生命科学学院,茂名525000

出　　处：《食品科技》2010年第2期213-218,共6页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(5300953)

摘　　要：为了消除富马酸二甲酯(DMF)的升华性及过敏性并保留其良好的抗菌特性,合成了新型防腐剂α-溴代富马酸二甲酯(α-BrDMF),研究了α-BrDMF对不同种类微生物的抗菌性能,并与山梨酸及DMF进行了对比。α-BrDMF的合成分为两步:以冰乙酸为溶剂,DMF与溴发生亲电加成反应生成富马酸二甲酯二溴化物(d-BrDMF);d-BrDMF与氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液共热,发生消除反应可得α-BrDMF。经IR和MS确证产物结构。抗菌作用实验结果表明:α-BrDMF对细菌、酵母和霉菌的生长具有较强的抑制能力。添加0.1%的α-BrDMF可使大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的生长适应期由对照3h延长至40h和44h;添加0.04%的α-BrDMF能使酵母的生长适应期延长至对照(4h)的13倍;霉菌菌落形成数减少,抑菌效果优于山梨酸和DMF;经高温处理其抑菌能力无明显降低。皮肤过敏性测试表明α-BrDMF无明显致敏性。In order to decrease the sublimability and allergy and retain the anti-microbial activity of dimethyl fumarate（DMF）, α-bromo dimethyl fumarate（α-BrDMF） as a new preservative was synthesized. The anti-microbial activity of α-BrDMF to different kinds of microbe were studied and compared with sorbic acid and DMF. The process of synthesizing α-BrDMF includes two reactions： Bromine electrophilic added to DMF in acetic acid solution forming dibromo-dimethyl fumarate （d-BrDMF）. Then d-BrDMF changed to α-BrDMF through elimination reaction in the medium of ethanol with sodium hydroxide. The compound was characterized by means of IR and MS. The results of anti-microbial activity test showed that α-BrDMF had stronger inhibition activity to bacteria, yeast and mold. The adaptive phase of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was expanded by contrast 4 h to 40 h and 44 h. When 0.04% α-BrDMF was added, the adaptive phase of Saccharomyces cerevlsiae was extended 13 times of blank, biomass and colony forming unit were decrease under the action of α-BrDMF. The anti-microbial activity was higher than sorbic acid and DMF and had no obvious decrease after the high temperature. Skin tests showed that α-BrDMF do not stimulate to skin.

关 键 词：α-溴代富马酸二甲酯 防腐剂 抗菌活性 合成 

分 类 号：TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]