长途货运司机膳食结构与维生素A营养状况调查  

THE NUTRITION SURVEY OF DIETARY STRUCTURE AND VITAMIN A STATUS IN LONG-HAUL TRUCK DRIVERS

作　　者：付泽建[1] 马文领[1] 陶懂谊[1] 徐广飞[2] 林静[1] 郭俊生[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学海军医学系,上海200433 [2]南通大学公共卫生学院,南通226005

出　　处：《营养学报》2010年第1期6-10,共5页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：2007年度中国营养学会营养科研基金(No.07023)

摘　　要：目的了解长途货运汽车司机膳食结构特点,掌握长途货运司机维生素A营养状况。方法调查长途货运司机145名,3d24h膳食回顾法利用食物模型作为辅助工具,结合食物频率问卷调查长途货运汽车司机食物消费量、能量和营养素摄入量,着重分析膳食维生素A的摄入量及其食物来源,利用HPLC法检测血清视黄醇水平。结果长途货运汽车司机工作日能量摄入量4059kJ/d(35.0%RNI),平均每人日蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的摄入量分别是40.7g/d(17.2%能量)、20.5g/d(19.5%能量)和134.5g/d(56.9%能量);休息日能量摄入量为12193kJ(116.8%RNI),蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的摄入量分别是118.5g/d(15.0%能量)、92.4g/d(37.7%能量)和307.2g/d(38.9%能量)。工作日维生素A摄入量为252.6μgRE/d(31.5%RNI),而休息日是602.3μgRE/d(75.2%RNI)。血清视黄醇均值为583μgRE/L,血清视黄醇水平低于400μgRE/L者占13.2%。结论长途货运汽车司机工作日和休息日膳食结构不合理。维生素A营养状况低下。Objective To investigate the dietary structure in long-haul truck drivers, especially their vitamin A （VA） intake, food sources and serum level. Method One hundred and forty-five long-haul truck drivers were enrolled. A 24-hour dietary recall was conducted by food frequency questionnaire using three-dimensional food models. Serum VA was measured by HPLC. Results The average intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate in working days was 3.95 MJ （945 kcal/d, 35.0%RNI）, 40.Tg/d （17.2% energy）, 20.5g/d （19.5% energy）, 134.5g/d （56.9% energy） respectively. In rest days, the average intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate was 11.72 MJ（2802 kcal/d,116.8%RNI）, 118.5g/d （15.0% energy）, 92.4g/d （37.7% energy）, 307.2g/d （38.9% energy） respectively. VA intake was 252.61μRE/d （31.5% RNI） in working days compared to 602.3μgRE/d （75.2% RNI） in rest days. The average serum VA concentration was 583 μg RE/L, and the prevalence of serum VA〈 400 μg RE/L was 13.2%. Conclusion The dietary structure of long-haul truck drivers in both work days and rest days was unreasonable. Their VA status was poor.

关 键 词：膳食调查 膳食结构 营养状况 维生素A 长途货运司机 摄入量 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]