关于中国少数民族教育的几点思考  

On the Issues of Ethnic Minority Education in China

作　　者：马戎[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系社会学人类学研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2010年第1期6-18,共13页Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部社科课题"西部劳动力市场与少数民族教育"(02JAZ84001)的成果

摘　　要：在思考和规划新世纪中我国少数民族教育事业的发展时,需要从国家现代化和少数民族长远发展的角度和立场来分析当前教育体系中存在的问题,研究必要的调整与改进措施。少数民族教育事业如何发展,关系到少数民族新一代在高级人才和劳动力市场上的竞争能力,关系到各民族在未来中华民族大家庭政治结构、经济体系、文化生活中的相对地位。当我们考虑"保护少数民族的传统文化"与"实现少数民族现代化"之间的关系时,要看到传统文化中包含着有生命力和缺乏生命力的两部分。既包含具有生命力的文化精华成分,也包含一些缺乏生命力的文化内容。在现代学校制度与传统文化之间,应当可以找到沟通、互容的方法。从语言作为传统文化载体和交流学习工具的双重性这一角度出发,我们可以探索语言工具性程度的衡量指标和语言应用的市场选择机制,同时必须关注语言运行的经济效益问题,需要把学习语言的选择与民族—国家的长远发展潜力二者结合起来考虑,并在此基础上,探讨在社会发展进程中是否存在一个语言依赖的层级结构。In study of the development of ethnic minority education in China in the 21st century, all relevant issues should be discussed in the framework of national modernization and the long run development of ethnic minorities. The improvement of educational achievement of ethnic minorities is related to whether the young generations of minorities can compete with majority group in job market and their position in ethnic stratification. The protection of minority traditional culture should be connected to the goal of modernization of minority groups. The linkage between traditional culture and modern schools is very important. Languages play the ＂dual functions＂ in development, as the carrier of cultural tradition on the one hand and as tool of communication and learning on the other. There is an issue of market mechanism in ＂language selection＂ in social development. Meanwhile, the selection of learning language in school should be related to the development potential of Chinese nation.

关 键 词：少数民族教育 双语教育 语言功能 就业和劳动力市场 

分 类 号：G754.5[文化科学—教育学]