报复性起诉的法律规制——以美国法为借鉴  

Legal Limitations on Vindictive Prosecution—American Practices and Its Revelation

作　　者：闫召华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆400023

出　　处：《法学论坛》2010年第2期143-148,共6页Legal Forum

摘　　要：近年来,检察机关对于律师、举报人、记者等的报复性起诉频繁见诸于报端。报复性起诉不仅侵害了无辜者或被告人的权利,破坏了法律程序的正当性,还损及公诉权威,浪费司法资源。而美国较早地提出了报复性起诉的概念,并将法院监督、行业规制、内部自律和大陪审团审查相结合,在实践中形成了成熟的防范、认定、救济体系。结合我国报复性起诉的特点,以美国的实践为鉴戒,建立集防范、救济、制裁于一体的报复性起诉应对机制,已成当务之急。In recent years,prosecutorial vindictiveness has been massively reported in journalistic accounts. Vindictive prosecution not only violates innocents or defendants＇ basic rights and the due process but also impairs the authority of prosecution and waste judicial resources. The United States put forward the idea of vindictive prosecution early,combined judicial supervision,profession regulation,self-discipline and Grand Jury Review,and established a mature system of prevention,affirmation and relief. American practices will give some instructive enlightenments for us. So,in response to overflowing vindictive prosecution,it is urgent to construct a practical mechanism based on native resources and American experience,combining prevention,relief and sanction in one.

关 键 词：报复性起诉 皮尔斯—布莱克规则 推定报复性 起诉裁量权 防治对策 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]