面向受害人体型特征的交通事故再现计算方法  

Traffic accident reconstruction method facing body characteristic of a victim

作　　者：柴象海[1] 金先龙[1,2] 张晓云[1] 侯心一[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学振动、冲击、噪声国家重点实验室,上海200240 [3]上海市公安局交通警察总队,上海200070

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2010年第4期138-142,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2007AA11Z234);国家自然科学基金(60970049,505875166,50705058);教育部博士点基金(20070248113)

摘　　要：面向受害人体型特征的交通事故再现依据事故遗留下的制动印迹、车身变形、人体损伤等信息,建立汽车及符合受害人体型特征的人体模型,利用数值仿真技术获得碰撞前车辆速度及车人接触位置,结合多刚体动力学和人体损伤分析等理论,得出车辆变形及人体损伤部位的生物力学数值。通过上述方法对一起车人碰撞事故案例进行实际应用,并比较行人不同体型特征对事故仿真结果的影响,分析结果表明:与采用标准百分位假人仿真结果相比,计算结果能够更好的与现场勘测及法医鉴定相吻合,从而为交通事故责任认证提供科学的理论依据和数值参考。With a traffic accident reconstruction method facing body characteristic of a victim according to the accident imprint left by the brakes,automobile body and other objects' deformation,human body injury and other information,the automobile and human body model conformed to characteristics of victims were established.The numerical simulation technique was used to acquire the vehicle speed before collision and the location of vehicle-pedestrian contact.With multi-body dynamics and human injury analysis theory,the biological mechanics values of the vehicle distortion and the human body damage position were obtained.The proposed method was applied to a vehicle-pedestrian collision accident case,the effects of different body characteristics of victims on the results of the accident simulation were studied.The simmulation results showed that the simulated data with the proposed method agree better with the results from the scene survey and the medical examiner,so this proposed method provides a theoretic basis and valuable reference for the traffic accident responsibility authentication.

关 键 词：事故再现 体型特征 车人碰撞 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程] TP391.91[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]