隧道内火焰顶棚射流最高温度的分布研究  

An Analysis on the Maximum Temperature Distribution of the Flame Ceiling Jet in Tunnel Fire

作　　者：毛军[1] 郗艳红[1] 樊洪明[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100022

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2010年第3期346-351,共6页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家科技部重大基础研究前期专项研究项目(2005CA04700);北京交通大学科技项目(2006XM026)

摘　　要：为了在隧道内合理地设置火灾探测器及科学地确定探测参数,需要掌握火灾烟气最高温度的分布规律.采用地铁隧道列车火灾的1∶8缩尺模型实验和数值模拟计算,分析了火焰顶棚射流的最高温度在火焰上方和沿隧道纵向变化的规律.结果表明:常用的Alpert公式适用于纯烟气顶棚射流,但不适用于火焰顶棚射流.火焰顶棚射流的最高温度随着离开火源中心线距离的增加而减小,且在火焰撞击区内沿隧道纵向呈线性衰减趋势;而在火焰撞击区以外以幂函数形式衰减.通过对Albert公式的修正提出了隧道内火焰顶棚射流最高温度的新计算公式.The scientific positioning of fire detectors, and their technical parameters, requires an understanding of how the maximum temperature of the flame ceiling-jet is distributed. Ex- periments with small scale models （1 ： 8） and numerical simulations were used to determine the maximum temperature of the flame above the fire source and how the ceiling jet was distributed along the length of the tunnel. The Alpert formula customarily used is only appropriate for estimation of the maximum temperature of pure smoke ceiling jets but not flame ceiling jets. As the distance from the fire center line increases, the maximum temperature of the flame ceiling jet gradually decreases. The decrease is linear along the tunnel longitudinal direction where the flame has an impact. Away from the impact of the flame, the decrease in maximum tempera- ture follows a power function. A new, revised Alpert formula is developed to estimate the maximum temperature of a flame ceiling jet.

关 键 词：隧道 列车火灾 火焰 顶棚射流 最高温度 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]