环境和个体因素与青少年饮酒行为的关系  

Characteristics of Alcohol Use and its Contributing Factors among Adolescents

作　　者：林丹华[1] 范兴华[1] XiaomingLi 潘瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [2]Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit USA

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2010年第3期288-294,共7页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学“十一五”规划项目(06BDJY0017)

摘　　要：选择湖南长沙三所中小学的681个学生为被试,考察青少年饮酒行为的特点及环境和个体影响因素的预测作用。结果发现:(1)过去的一个月中,31%的青少年曾有过饮酒行为,12.7%和8.5%的青少年有过大量饮酒和醉酒行为。男生、学习成绩中下者饮酒行为更多;(2)青少年饮酒行为与最好同伴和普通同学的饮酒行为、学校周围的饮酒环境呈显著正相关,与最好同伴和普通同学的饮酒态度、青少年自身的饮酒态度和饮酒拒绝效能感呈显著负相关;(3)同伴、学校环境因素和饮酒态度可以直接预测青少年的拒绝效能感,同时,同伴、学校环境因素又通过饮酒态度和拒绝效能感间接地预测青少年的饮酒行为。A sample of 681 5th, 7th, 8th, 10th and 11th graders from three primary and secondary schools in Changsha, Hunan province was selected to explore characteristics and its contributing factors with alcohol use behavior among adolescents. The results showed as follows： （ 1 ） 31% adolescents had ever used alcohol in the past 30 days, with 12.7% ever binge drinking and 8.5% ever drunk in the past 30 days. Males and adolescents with low academic achievement reported higher level of alcohol use compared to their counterparts; （2） adolescents drinking behavior was positively associated with peers＇ drinking behavior and school drinking neighborhood. Moreover, adolescents drinking behavior was negatively associated with peers＇ drinking attitude, adolescents＇ drinking attitude and drinking refusal self-efficacy; （3） peer and school neighborhood factors and drinking attitude could directly predict adolescents＇ drinking refusal self-efficacy. In addition, peer and school neighborhood can indirectly influence adolescents＇ alcohol use behavior through drinking attitude and drinking refusal self-efficacy.

关 键 词：环境 个体 青少年 饮酒行为 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]