全氟类有机污染物的污染状况及其生态毒理研究进展  

The Progress in Environmental Distributions and Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl Acids

作　　者：方雪梅[1,2] 王建设[1] 戴家银[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学重点实验室,北京100101 [2]宿州学院化学与生命科学系,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2010年第5期543-551,共9页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：基金委重点项目"典型全氟有机污染物的水环境过程及生态毒理机制研究"(编号:20837004)资助

摘　　要：全氟类有机化合物(Perfluorinated compounds,PFCs)广泛应用于工业和民用产品,该类化合物具有高能量的C-F共价键,难以被水解、光解、微生物降解及动物体代谢,具有持久性、生物累积性、毒性以及长距离迁移等特性,是一类新型持久性有机污染物。目前,从世界各地采集的环境样品、野生动物血清、组织样品以及人类体内都检测到了多种PFCs。该类污染物对生态环境和人体健康带来的影响受到全社会的普遍关注,已成为环境科学和生态毒理学研究的热点课题之一。本文综述了全氟类化合物在各类环境介质中的分布、在生物体内的累积、在生物体内的转化与代谢过程及其毒理学效应,并对PFCs的毒性作用机制进行初步分析,对目前存在的问题及今后的研究方向进行了讨论和展望,以期为该类化合物的环境污染及风险评估提供相应参考。Perfluorinated compounds（PFCs）are widely used in industry and consumer products.The high-energy carbon-fluorine（C-F）bond renders these compounds resistant to hydrolysis,photolysis,microbial degradation,as well as metabolism by animals and makes them a new kind of persistent organic compound.PFCs have been detected in various environmental samples and in tissues or blood from human population and wildlife in recent years.Concern about PFCs in recent years is growing for their bioaccumulation and potentially health risk and they have become research hotspots in the field of environmental,ecotoxicological science,and etc.This review provides an overview of the current pollution conditions of perfluoroalkyl acids in abiotic and biotic matrices,the transform and metabolism of these compounds in organism and the recent advances in toxicological studies of PFCs.The present existing problems and the trends of future research on PFCs are also discussed in this review to provide more information for the further study of these compounds.

关 键 词：全氟类化合物 PFOA PFOS 环境污染 毒理学效应 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]