纯铝的锌系磷化工艺及机理  

Technology and Mechanism for Zinc-System Phosphating of Aluminum

作　　者：王恩生[1] 杨波[1] 徐俊波[1] 王宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中化化工科学技术研究总院,北京100011

出　　处：《材料保护》2010年第6期35-37,78,共4页Materials Protection

基　　金：中化化工科学技术研究总院科研基金项目(2008-KZ-Y03)

摘　　要：使用商品磷化液wes-01在工业喷淋线上实现了纯铝的锌系磷化,研究了磷化温度、游离酸度、总酸度及促进剂浓度对磷化膜性能的影响,并用扫描电镜、能谱及X射线衍射分析研究了磷化膜的形貌和结构,探讨了磷化反应机理。结果表明:磷化液wes-01在游离酸度0.4～1.3点,总酸度17.0～25.0点,促进剂2.0～4.0点,温度20～40℃使用时,可以获得性能良好的磷化膜;铝的磷化膜主要由枣核状结晶体Zn3(PO4)2.4H2O组成,含有细小的白色混合结晶体ZnAl2O4和AlPO4;磷化过程中先生成细小的白色结晶即ZnAl2O4,之后在其上迅速生成AlPO4结晶体,Zn3(PO4)2.4H2O结晶体则围绕ZnAl2O4和AlPO4的混合结晶周边生长,直至完成磷化。Phosphating of Al in Zn-system fluid was realized on in-dustrialized production line for spraying by using commercial phosphating solution wes-01.The effects of temperature,free acidity,total acidity and accelerating agent on the properties of phosphating coating were investigated.The morphology and mi-crostructure of the phosphating coating were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction,and the phosphating reaction mechanism was discussed.Results show that at free acidity of 0.4 ～ 1.3,total acidity of 17.0～25.0,accelerating agent of 2.0～4.0 and tem-perature of 20 ～ 40 ℃ ,it is feasible to obtain phosphating coating with good properties on Al.The resulting phosphating coating consisted of datepit-like Zn3 ( PO4)2.4H2O crystal and fine mixed white crystal of ZnAl2O4 plus AlPO4.During phosphating process,fine white crystal ZnAl2O4 was formed initially,then AlPO4 crystal grew quickly thereon,while Zn3 ( PO4) 2.4H2O crystal grew around the mixed crystal of ZnAl2O4 plus AlPO4 until completion of the phosphating.

关 键 词：磷化 铝及铝合金 游离酸度 总酸度 促进剂 机理 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]