家庭厨房油烟冷凝物化学成分及对果蝇经口染毒遗传毒性的研究  

Study on the chemical components of edible oil fume in kitchen and its genotoxity on Drosophila

作　　者：厉曙光 王云翔[1,2] 张敬[1,2] 赵贤四 徐思红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海铁道大学医学院 [2]苏州铁道师范学院

出　　处：《卫生研究》1999年第1期15-17,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：铁道部科研基金

摘　　要：采用气相色谱－质谱仪（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）对家庭厨房吸油烟机油杯中冷凝物的总化学成分进行了分析，发现样品中有７４种化合物，其中包括烃类、醇酚类、醛酮类，酯类、羧酸类、杂环稠环类、甾醇类等，其中有些化合物具有致癌作用。同时还用该样品对果蝇经口染毒的细胞遗传毒性进行了研究，果蝇伴性隐性致死试验（ＳＬＲＬ）的实验结果表明：厨房油烟冷凝物具有较强的致突变作用。其１１０、３２０、９６０ｍｇ／Ｌ三个浓度组的总突变率分别为０．１７３２％、０．４３０６％、０．１７０７％，实验中第Ⅱ窝的３２０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度组与第Ⅲ窝１１０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度组的致突变率分别达到０．５３０％和０．５４０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。呈现有较高的隐性致死作用。此外，本次实验还表明油烟冷凝物对果蝇的生殖系统有一定的作用（Ｐ＜０．０５），其中３２０ｍｇ／Ｌ组有非常显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。三个浓度组第Ⅰ窝的不育率分别为２．５６４％、２．０５６％和２．８４５％，与对照组相比统计学上有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Objectives:to study the chemical components of the condensate of edible oil fume in kitchen and its genotoxicity on Drosophila.Methods:Analysis for the chemical components was carried out by gas chromatogrphy and mass spectra (GC/MS) and its genotoxicity was studied by sex linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test in Drosophila.Results:a total of 74 organic compounds were found in samples of condensed oil from the fume in kitchen.It included hydroxylic acids,hydrocarbons,alcohols,esters,aldehydes,ketones,aromatic compounds,and steroids,etc.The total mutagenicity rates in SLRL test induced by the samples at concentrations of 110,320 and 960mg/L were 0 1732%,0 4306% and 0 1707% respectively.The sterility rates of the first broods were 2 564%,2 056% and 2 845% at above 3 concentrations respectively( P <0 05, as compared with the control).The mutagenicity rate of the second brood at 320mg/L was 0 530% and that of the third brood at 110mg/L 0 540%( P <0 001).Conclusion:some of the compounds in the condensate of edible oil fume were proved to have high recessive lethal effect and genotoxic effect on the reproductive system of Drosophila.

关 键 词：食用油冷凝物 化学成分 果蝇毒性 油烟 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：R126.8[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X513.032[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]