学前儿童关于攻击和亲社会行为的性别差异信念  

Preschoolers' Beliefs About Gender Differences in Aggressive and Prosocial Behaviors

作　　者：王美芳[1] 孙丹 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014 [2]济宁第一职业中专,济宁272000

出　　处：《心理科学》2010年第3期576-579,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费;山东省"十一五"强化建设重点学科建设经费;全国教育科学"十一五"规划重点项目(DBA080166)资助

摘　　要：使用内隐、比较外显和独立外显三种方法考察学前儿童关于攻击和亲社会行为的性别差异信念及其发展特点。结果表明:①3岁儿童倾向于把身体攻击与男孩相联系、把亲社会行为与女孩相联系,且儿童的这些信念随年龄增长而逐渐增强;3岁和4岁儿童并不把关系攻击与某一性别相联系,5岁儿童倾向于把关系攻击与男孩相联系;②三种测量结果之间具有一定的一致性,但内隐测量更易于探查到年幼儿童关于亲社会行为的性别差异信念。Chinese children＇s beliefs about gender differences in physically aggressive behavior, relationally aggressive behavior and prosocial behavior were assessed by means of implicit measure, comparative explicit measure and independent explicit measure among a sample of 3-to 5-year-old preschoolers （total N = 191 ）. The results showed： （1） 3-year-olds tended to associate physically aggressive behavior with boys and prosocial behavior with girls, and these tendencies became stronger with the increase of age during the preschool period. As for relationaily aggressive behavior, only 5-year-olds tended to associate it with boys; （2） Although results were generally consistent across the three measures, children were more likely to associate prosocial behavior with girls when they were asked to infer gender implicitly.

关 键 词：性别差异信念 攻击行为 亲社会行为 学前儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]