从反问句生成机制看反问句否定语义的来源  

The Origin of the Negative Meaning of the Rhetorical Question in Light of its Mechanism

作　　者：胡德明[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学文学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《语言研究》2010年第3期71-75,共5页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：教育部人文社科2006年度规划项目"反问句的生成机制及相关问题研究"(06JA740001)

摘　　要：中外学者都将反问句的语义概括为"否定+命题",但对否定语义来源的解释却没有达成共识。根据会话含义理论、言语行为和间接言语行为理论构建反问句生成机制,反问句否定语义来自语境条件,即说话人预先设定的限定反问句只能朝说话人所期待的方向理解的各种语境因素,说到底,是来自说话人主观上的否定态度,而不是来自反问语气或预设。The semantic features of the rhetorical question have been summarized into the formula of ＂negation ＋ proposition＂ by researchers globally,but haven＇t come to a point in the origin of its negative meaning.The paper constructs the mechanism of the rhetorical question based on the Conversational Implicature Theory,the Speech Act Theory and the Indirect Speech Act Theory and draws the conclusion that the negative meaning depends on the situation condition,i.e,the rhetorical question set by the speaker is necessarily on the road to the understanding of the situations expected by the speaker himself.In a brief,the negative meaning is out of the negative attitude of the speaker rather than the mood of the rhetorical question or presupposition.

关 键 词：反问句 反问句生成机制 否定语义 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]