饲料中去皮豆粕替代鱼粉对埃及胡子鲇消化酶活力和肠道组织的影响  

Effect of Dietary Dehulled Soyabean Meal Replacing Fish Meal on the Activity of Digestive Enzyme and the Intestinal Tissue of Clarias lazera

作　　者：吴莉芳[1] 秦贵信[1] 孙泽威[1] 王洪鹤[1] 张东鸣[1] 孙玲[1] 朱丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期99-105,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30430520);吉林省教育厅资助项目(2009360);吉林农业大学博士启动基金资助项目(2009002)

摘　　要：以初始体质量(22.40±0.30)g的健康埃及胡子鲇Clarias lazera为试验对象,在室内单循环控温养殖系统中进行8周饲养试验,以鱼粉为动物蛋白源,去皮豆粕为植物蛋白源,去皮豆粕分别替代0%(CK),15%,30%,45%和60%的鱼粉蛋白,配制成5种等蛋白(40%)等能(15.8 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料,研究去皮豆粕替代鱼粉对埃及胡子鲇消化酶活力及肠道组织的影响。结果表明,埃及胡子鲇胃蛋白酶活力去皮豆粕组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),30%,45%和60%去皮豆粕替代组中肠和肝胰脏蛋白酶活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05),45%和60%去皮豆粕替代组的前肠和后肠蛋白酶活力显著下降(P<0.05)。当去皮豆粕替代鱼粉45%和60%时,后肠淀粉酶活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。但埃及胡子鲇的胃、肝胰脏、前肠和中肠淀粉酶活力各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。去皮豆粕对埃及胡子鲇的脂肪酶活力影响不显著(P>0.05)。去皮豆粕替代鱼粉对埃及胡子鲇肠道组织结构具有一定的影响。当去皮豆粕替代鱼粉蛋白45%和60%时,埃及胡子鲇的中肠和后肠肠道组织结构完整性被破坏,部分肠绒毛脱落,部分上皮细胞与固有层分离,固有层结缔组织疏松,固有层变宽,肠长、肠体指数、肠长指数、肠道皱襞高度显著下降(P<0.05)。A breed trial was conducted on juvenile fish with initial body weight of（22.40±0.30） g for 8 weeks at controlled temperature in single recirculating system.Fish meal and dehulled soybean meal were used as protein source.Five isonitrogenous（40% protein） and isoenergetic（15.8MJ/kg） diets,with dehulled soybean meal replacing level 0%（CK）,15%,30%,45% and 60% of fish meal protein,were formulated to feed juveniles in order to investigate the effects of dietary dehulled soyabean meal replacing fish meal on the activity of digestive enzyme and intestinal tissue of Clarias lazera.The results indicated that pepsin activity of Clarias lazera in dehulled soyabean meal groups was significantly lower than that in control group（P〈0.05）.The activity of protease in the mid-intestine and the Hepatopancrea decreased significantly for 30%,45% and 60% replacing level（P〈0.05）,the activity of protease in the anterior intestine and posterior intestine decreased significantly for 45% and 60% replacing level（P〈0.05）,and the activity of amylase in the posterior intestine was significantly lower than that in control group for 45% and 60% replacing level（P〈0.05）.But there were no significant difference in the activity of amylase in the stomach,anterior intestine and mid-intestine of Clarias lazera in each group（P〉0.05）.The dehulled soyabean meal had no significant effects on lipase of Clarias lazera（P〉0.05）.Dehulled soyabean meal replacing fish meal had some effects on morphology of intestinal tissue of Clarias lazera.Meanwhile,the structural integrity of anterior intestine and mid-intestine in 45% and 60% group was destroyed,the part of intestinal villi shed,the part of epithelial cells and proper layer separated,the connective tissue of proper layer loosened,and the proper layer became wider.The length of intestine,index of intestine body,index of the length of intestine and the entero-plica height of intestine decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.

关 键 词：埃及胡子鲇 去皮豆粕 蛋白酶 淀粉酶 脂肪酶 肠道组织 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]