英汉结果构式RAP制约的语料库与类型学研究  

A corpus-based and typological approach to R_(AP) constraints on English and Chinese resultative constructions

作　　者：罗思明[1] 王文斌 洪明[3] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学理论语言学研究所,浙江省宁波市315211 [2]波大学校长办公室,浙江省宁波市宁315211 [3]浙江师范大学外国语学院,浙江省金华市321004

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2010年第4期268-274,共7页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(06BYY005);宁波市教育科学规划项目(YGH09001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文采用认知功能理论,立足真实语料,从语料库和类型学角度重新审视英汉结果构式中RAP制约。结果发现:第一,以往研究未充分反映全部语言事实;第二,英汉结果构式中RAP制约存在异同:开放等级形容词可充当英汉Control结果构式的RAP,少数可进入汉语补语主语指向的ECM结果构式,偶尔可进入汉语补语宾语指向的ECM结果构式;最大终点封闭等级形容词和非等级形容词可进入各类英汉结果构式;最小终点等级形容词可进入各类汉语结果构式,但少数可进入各类英语结果构式;RAP具有单音节倾向;在结果构式RAP制约上,英汉语属同一语言类型;英汉结果构式的差异性主要体现在最小终点封闭等级形容词和开放等级形容词的制约程度、RAP语义选择倾向和动形整合对称性上;第三,这种异同是范畴原型性、语言类型与认知识解协同作用的产物。This paper is a corpus-based and typological investigation into the RAP constraints on English and Chinese resultative constructions within the framework of cognitive-functional theories. It finds that there are some similarities and differences in RAP constraints between English and Chinese resultative constructions: both English and Chinese Control resultative constructions can take open-scale adjectives, while Chinese subject-oriented ECM resultative constructions are selective in taking open-scale adjectives and their object-oriented ones are rare in taking open-scale adjectives; all English and Chinese resultative constructions are open to maximum end-point closed-scale adjectives and nongradable adjective. The paper also shows that all kinds of Chinese resultative constructions are open to maximum end-point closed-scale adjectives while their English counterparts are selective in this aspect; that RAP takes a monosyllabic preference; that English and Chinese belong to the same type of language in terms of RAP selection; that English and Chinese resultative constructions mainly differ in selecting minimum end-point closed-scale adjectives and open-scale adjectives, and in the semantic preference of RAP and the asymmetry in Verb-Adjective combination. The paper argues that the above similarities and difference result from the negotiation of adjective prototypicality, language typology and construal.

关 键 词：结果构式 RAP制约 语料库 类型学 识解 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]