基于交叉口转弯率的网络交通状态模式发现  

Discovery of Pattern of Traffic Network Status Based on Turning Ratio around Intersections

作　　者：瞿莉[1] 胡坚明[1] 张毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学自动化系,北京100084

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2010年第8期81-86,共6页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50708054;60744034);国家重点基础研究发展计划(九七三计划)资助项目(2006CB705506);国家高技术研究发展计划(八六三计划)资助项目(2007AA11Z222);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点资助项目(2006BAJ18B02)

摘　　要：针对日益凸显的城市网络层次交通问题,提出一种基于交叉口转弯率的网络交通状态模型,并根据该模型进行了网络交通状态典型模式发现。该模型从交通网络拓扑结构出发,根据各路段的实际流量采用递归最小二乘法对各交叉口在各方向上的转弯率进行了估计,得到了基于路网拓扑结构的转弯率矩阵。该矩阵不仅反映了路段之间的相互影响关系,也反映了路网中交通流的分配情况,即从一定程度上反映了整个网络的交通状态。进而对各时间点的转弯率矩阵进行了基于SOM的分类,对各种网络交通状态在时间轴上进行了统计,结果显示了早晚高峰时段以及白天早晚高峰之间的典型网络交通模式。该方法为网络交通状态研究提供了一种新的建模与分析方法,通过实例分析证明该方法具有普适性与有效性。In order to solve the network-level traffic problem in urban area,a etwork-level traffic status model based on turning ratio around intersections was proposed,and the typical network-level patterns were discovered accordingly.The model starts from the topology of the traffic network and obtains the turning ratio of each direction around the intersections from the real traffic flow data based on the recursive least square method.The turning ratios are then reorganized into a turning-ratio matrix including the topology information between the links,which can reflect the relationship between the links as well as the distribution of the traffic flow,i.e.it can present the traffic status of the whole network to a certain extent.Furthermore,SOM was used to classify the turning-ratio matrix at different time into different clusters.The histograms of the occurrence of each pattern were given to investigate the statistic characteristics along the time axis.The results show that there are typical traffic network status patterns during the morning and the evening peak hours as well as the period between the two peaks.This method is a new approach for modeling and analyzing the network-level traffic status,and it is proved to be applicable and efficient via the experiments on real traffic data.

关 键 词：智能运输系统 网络交通状态 模式分类 转弯率 

分 类 号：U416.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]