汉族与藏族中学生自尊和孤独感差异性及其与被嘲笑的相关性  

Difference Between Han and Tibetan Students' Being Teased and the Correlation to Their Self-esteem and Loneliness in Middle Schools

作　　者：周天梅[1] 陈阶伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院教育科学学院/学报编辑部,四川641112 [2]内江师范学院外语学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第8期932-934,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究基地"四川省应用心理学研究中心"项目(编号:CSXL-092003)

摘　　要：目的了解汉族和藏族中学生自尊和孤独的差异,探讨中学生被嘲笑与自尊、孤独的关系。方法整群随机选取四川、青海地区4所中学786名学生,以中文TQ-R嘲笑量表、自尊调查表(SEI)和UCLA孤独量表进行测试。结果汉族中学生的社会自我和家庭自我得分显著低于藏族中学生(P值均<0.05),而其孤独得分显著高于藏族中学生(P<0.01);男生的一般自我和社会自我得分显著高于女生(P值均<0.05),农村中学生的社会自我和家庭自我得分显著高于城市中学生(P值均<0.05),自尊中的家庭自我有性别与民族(P<0.05)、城乡(P<0.01)的交互作用;汉族和藏族中学生自尊的4个因子在年级之间的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。汉族和藏族中学生被嘲笑与自尊和孤独都有显著相关(P<0.001);回归分析显示,自尊和孤独对中学生被嘲笑有预测作用,三者之间存在相互影响。结论自尊和孤独是影响汉族和藏族中学生被嘲笑的重要变量,三者之间有交互作用。Objective To reveal the correlation between Han and Tibetan students＇ being teased and their self-esteem loneliness in middle schools. Methods A cluster random sample of 786 students was chosen from Sichuan and Qinghai. It was processed by means of TQ-R, SEI and UCLA. Results Han students had lower scores in social and familial selfness of self-esteem （0.58±0.21/0.63±0.19,P0.05;0.64±0.27/0.69±0.25,P0.01）, but higher scores in loneliness awareness （2.35±0.50/2.18±0.48,P0.01）; male students scored higher than female students in general selfness and social selfness of self-esteem （P0.05, P0.01）; students in rural areas scored higher than those in urban areas in terms of social and familial selfness of self-esteem （P0.01）. Particularly in familial selfness of self-esteem, such factors as gender, nationality, the resident distribution in urban or rural areas interact with each other. The grade differences can be reflected well in the decisive factors for Han and Tibetan students＇ self-esteem（P0.01）. This study also shows that the apparent correlation is significant not only between students＇ being teased and their self-esteem（P0.01） loneliness（P0.001）, but also between self-esteem and loneliness（P0.01）.Conclusion The state of Han and Tibetan students＇ being teased is decided by self-esteem and loneliness, since the three are correlative.

关 键 词：羞耻 自我概念 孤独 回归分析 学生 少数民族 藏族 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B848.6[医药卫生—医学心理学]