老子的大战略思想研究  

Study on the Grand Strategic Thinking of Lao-tzu

作　　者：朱中博[1] 周云亨[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,100871 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,200433

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2010年第2期156-167,共12页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：老子的"道"具有"冲、渊、湛"三种特征,拥有玄德。它法自然,要求奉行自然无为与不争主义的具体原则。涉及到实际政治中,这些原则体现为大战略内涵的国内、外层面:对内,统治者应该行无为之政,令民众自由富足;对外,处下不争,同时奉行"慈"的精神,不轻启战端。在历史上,自然无为与不争主义的大战略精神在西汉、唐及北宋被加以贯彻,产生了雄强与文弱两种不同的政治结果。老子的大战略思想可以使一个王朝在弱势中,通过休养生息,变强变大,但并不能提供强大后积极进取的哲学,换言之,它提供的"镇之以无名之朴"的方案,不能满足强大王朝的现实需要。The core concept of Lao-tzu's philosophy has three features-Chong (hollowness),Yuan (deepness) and Zhan (clearness).These features focus on non-confrontational principles being harmonious with Nature and inner peace.In China's history,the application of the grand strategic principle of Lao-tzu,seen in dynasties like West Han,Tang and Northern Song,resulted in two contrasting political outcomes.The principle of ruler-doing-nothing had allowed the people to recover quietly by building a prosperous dynasty.In contrast,it failed to instruct a growing-in-power dynasty to act aggressively,in other words,its answer of desire-restrained policy,would not meet the stronger dynasty's strategic goals.

关 键 词：中国政治与外交 老子 大战略思想 历史启示 

分 类 号：B223.1[哲学宗教—中国哲学]