构建灾害医学教育课程模式的思考与建议  

Study on establishing the course model of disaster medicine education

作　　者：杨学东[1] 郑伟[2] 李红玉[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁医学院医学教育研究所,锦州121001 [2]辽宁医学院研究生学院,锦州121001

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2010年第3期362-365,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

基　　金：辽宁省哲学社会科学规划基金项目（L09DSH034）

摘　　要：目的通过对医护人员灾害救援知识和技能的调查研究与分析，对构建灾害医学教育课程模式提出思考和建议。方法采用文献资料调查法、问卷调查法和访谈法，采用分层随机抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法，在我国东北3省6所三甲医院选取2496名医护人员作为研究对象，进行有关灾害救援知识和技能的调查分析。结果①大多数医护人员对参加现场灾害救援工作感到担忧，医护人员对灾害救援知识和技能了解不全面，尤其是对灾害的概念、灾害救援组织机构的特点以及灾害医学涵盖内容等问题认识匮乏，省会城市医护人员灾害救援知识掌握程度优于非省会城市医务人员。②医护人员灾害救援专业技能水平低下，省会城市和非省会城市医护人员灾害救援专业技能之间的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③90％以上的医护人员认为进行灾害医学学习非常必要，医护人员获取灾害救援信息的主要途径是图书报刊，增强医护人员灾害救援技能的最有效方法是继续教育。结论目前医护人员灾害救援技能较低，应当根据医护人员缺乏的知识和专业技能确定以灾害概述、灾害救助与康复、灾后心理干预与保健、灾后防疫与公共卫生为框架的灾害医学课程模式，以提高医务人员灾害救援水平。Objective To investigate and analyze medical staff＇s disaster rescue skills and propose some suggestions about establishing the course model of disaster medicine education. Methods Based on the studies on previous documents, questionnaires and interviews, combining stratified random sampling and cluster sampling method, we made a survey on 2 496 medical staff of 6 top hospitals in the northeast provinces in China. Results ①Mostly medical staff worried about attending the disaster rescue work, and they were lack of disaster rescue knowledge and skills, especially the concept of disaster rescue, the characteristics of disaster rescue organization and disaster medical contents. The result in capital cities was better than that in other cities. ②Medical staff＇s disaster rescue professional skill level was low and it was different between capital cities and other cities（ P 〈 0.05 ）. ③More than 90% medical staff considered that disaster medical study was very necessary, the main ways to obtain disaster medical message was magazine, and the most effective way to improve the skills was continuing education. Conclusions Medical staff lacks disaster rescue skills and we should design educational program.

关 键 词：灾害救援 灾害医学 课程模式 调查 思考 建议 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生]