我国应对大震巨灾应急救援装备的技术需求研究  

The Demand Study of the Technological Equipments for Disposal to the Emergency Rescue of a Great Earthquake in China

作　　者：胡卫建[1] 尚红[1] 司洪波[1] 宁宝坤[1] 曲国胜[1] 王建平[1] 李磊[1] 张天罡[1] 孙刚[1] 赵兰迎[1] 李立[1] 谢鹏[1] 张海涛[1] 刘亢[2] 丁璐[1] 高杨[1] 徐一帆[1] 刘晶晶[1] 刘旋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049 [2]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期844-850,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC13B03);国家"汶川80级地震科学考察"项目(2008)资助

摘　　要：分析了我国大震巨灾特点,比较了国内外大震巨灾应急救援装备技术现状,在国家"汶川8.0级地震应急救援科学考察"等项目研究结果的基础上,充分研究了我国实施大震巨灾救援在装备技术方面的各种阻碍因素,在应急救援通信指挥、救援现场信息采集传输及救援技术和指挥决策专家辅助技术、废墟中生命搜索定位、适宜于大震巨灾后山体滑坡交通阻断和大规模建构物倒塌环境及废墟狭小空间等复杂条件下的营救和安全防护等方面,给出我国大震巨灾应急救援装备的基本技术需求。Through analyse of characters of China＇s earthquake and comparison of present technology conditions of the emergency rescue equipments in the domestic and international vital catastrophes.Based on ＂the project of the scientific research concerning Wenchuan 8.0 Earthquake Emergency Rescue＂in China,the authors study sufficiently the various impediments factors to implement the earthquake catastrophe rescue on the aspects of technique and equipment in china.Furthermore,there are the following many considerations,for example,the communication command and management of the emergency rescue,the collection and transmission of the information from the rescue locale,the rescue and accessorial systems of the experts decision-making,especially,after the vital earthquake,the actions of searching lifes in the ruins,the rescue and safe protection suitable to the complex conditions of the landslides and the blocked traffic,the environment of the tumbled large building constructs and the small spaces in the ruins and so on.The basic technological equipment demands are presented to guarantee the effective rescue when a great earthquake occurs in China anywhere.

关 键 词：巨灾 应急救援 装备技术 灾情信息 搜索营救 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]