低温石油降解菌LHB16的筛选及降解特性研究  

Screening of A Psychrotrophic Oil-degrading Strain LHB16 and Its Degradation Characteristics

作　　者：李兵[1] 张庆芳[1] 窦少华[1] 孙子羽[1] 王宇 迟乃玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学生物工程学院,辽宁大连116622 [2]大连轻工业大学生物与食品工程学院,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《生物技术》2010年第5期83-85,共3页Biotechnology

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(No.2007AA021306)资助

摘　　要：目的:筛选、鉴定低温石油降解菌并对其降解特性进行研究。方法:富集分离低温石油降解菌;采用形态学、生理生化实验和分子生物学方法进行菌种鉴定;紫外分光光度法和GC-MS检测石油降解特性。结果:自盘锦油田低温环境土样中分离到1株低温菌,命名为LHB16,该菌能以石油烃为惟一碳源和能源。经鉴定为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)。该菌生长温度范围0℃～35℃,最适生长温度15℃。在接种量为2%(V/V),原油浓度为0.5%(W/V),振荡培养10d时,降解率可达80.16%。石油中长链烷烃C15～C32被完全降解。传代培养数代,降解率为81.06%,降解性能稳定。结论:菌株LHB16在低温地区石油污染的生物治理中有良好的应用前景。Objective：Screening and identification of psychrotrophic oil-degrading strains and studying on its degradation characteristics.Method：The psychrotrophic bacteria were obtained by enriched culture and identified based on physiological,biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence.Oil-degradation was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and GC-MS.Result：A psychrotrophic strain,designated LHB16,utilizing oil as the sole carbon source and energy,was isolated from the soil and identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.Strain LHB16 had a growth temperature ranging from 0 to 35℃,while the optimum one at 15℃,and could remove 80.16% of oil at 0.5% （W/V） concentration and 2%（V/V） inoculum in 10 d at 15℃.n-alkanes from C15 to C32 in the oil were completely depleted.After several generation,oil-degradation ratio of LHB16 was 81.06,which implied it had a stable oil-degradation ability.Conclusion：The study implied that LHB16 is a valuable biodegradation strain in cold region contaminated by oil.

关 键 词：低温 石油降解 筛选 STENOTROPHOMONAS maltophilia 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]