青少年近视眼屈光结构各要素的测定分析  

Measurement and analysis for juvenile myopia

作　　者：殷晓棠[1,2] 陈由源[1,2] 刘丽萍 

机构地区：[1]北京市眼科研究所 [2]山东省立医院眼科

出　　处：《眼科》1999年第2期74-79,共6页Ophthalmology in China

摘　　要：目的：眼部屈光结构的正常与否及其相互间的协调平衡是保证正常视功能的重要条件，因而眼部屈光结构的测定分析是研究近视眼发生发展规律及屈光成分间相互关系的重要方法。方法：以１３～２５岁青少年为研究对象，应用眼科Ａ型超声生物测量仪及角膜曲率计，由ＳＡＳ软件支持，对２４０例近视眼屈光程度和屈光各要素（眼轴长度、前房深度、晶体厚度、玻璃体腔长度、角膜屈折力）测量值进行分析。结果：眼轴长度（ｂ＝０３６０）及玻璃体腔长度（ｂ＝０３５７）均与近视程度呈显著正相关；角膜散光与总和散光呈显著正相关；用多元逐步回归分析法筛选出影响近视程度的屈光要素：眼轴长度和角膜屈折力。结论：（１）眼轴增长和角膜屈折力增加是近视眼发生、发展的重要因素，眼轴长度对屈光程度的影响居首位，尤其对中、高度近视眼更为显著，且眼轴延长基本是玻璃体腔的延长。（２）青少年角膜散光主要为循规性散光，角膜散光是眼散光的主要因素。Complete physical dimensions of main refractive components were measured in 120 cases (240 eyes) with myopia (range of the age from 13～25) The physical dimensions from ultrasound and keratometry,included axis length,anterior chamber depth,lens thickness,vitreous length and cornea refractive power Both axis length and vitreous length were significantly correlated with refraction (correlation coefficient of 0 822 and 0 823,respectively) The total astigmatism was well correlated with cornea astigmatism Regression analysis of the data showed that axis length and cornea refractive power were two main factors for the formation and development of myopia We could draw the conclusion that medium and high myopia predominantly resulted from elongation of the axis which mainly caused by elongation of the vitreous Low myopia is mainly influenced by cornea refractive power.The cornea astigmatism of juvenile myopia was with rule astigmatism and total astigmatism was mainly caused by cornea astigmatism

关 键 词：近视 青少年 散光 屈光结构 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]