青少年性相关知识来源的偏好:中国性教育的启示  

Preferences for Sources of Sex-related Knowledge Among Youth:Implications for Sex Education in China

作　　者：张立英[1,2] Iqbal H.Shah 李晓铭[1] 尹文强[4] 傅继华[5] 夏志森[6] Bonita Stanton 

机构地区：[1]韦恩州立大学医学院儿科预防研究中心,美国密歇根州底特律市48202 [2]国家人口计生委科研所 [3]世界卫生组织生殖健康与研究部 [4]潍坊医学院卫生管理学院 [5]山东省疾病预防控制中心 [6]美国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《国际生殖健康／计划生育杂志》2010年第6期422-428,433,共8页Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning

基　　金：世界卫生组织经费资助

摘　　要：目的:探讨分析15～24岁年龄段青少年性教育来源的偏好。方法:本研究所使用的数据来自于一项由世界卫生组织(WHO)资助的项目(WHO第98200号项目)。此项目是在中国东北某城市实施的基于社区为基础的横断面调查。住户样本的抽取采用按规模大小成比例的概率抽样原则,进行3阶段系统抽样设计。共有1319名15～24岁的青少年接受调查,并在参与调查前签署了知情同意书,参与者被告知自愿参加并有权退出调查和跳过其不愿回答的问题。最终有1227条记录进入分析阶段。运用描述性统计和多元Logistic回归分析方法对青少年获取性相关知识的来源偏好和实际获得知识的来源之间的差异进行分析。结果:青少年在过去实际使用的知识来源和其对来源的偏好方面存在差异。"父母","医生","书籍和报纸"和"电视"未能发挥青少年所预期的作用。青少年倾向于将"医生"作为获得"青春期"、"性知识"及"性传播疾病/艾滋病"等知识的主要渠道,而实际使用与来源偏好方面大概有10.2%～11.0%的差距。实际来自于父母对孩子的性教育则比偏好约低0.1%～2.7%。"书籍和报纸"和"电视"作为获得性相关知识的实际来源比偏好低3.3%～7.5%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、性别、教育水平、工作经历和有无兄弟姐妹等因素影响青少年对获取性知识来源的偏好。20～24岁的男性更倾向于将"电视"作为其获取青春期知识的首选来源(回归系数=0.408,P<0.05),而女性则不倾向于将"电视"作为其首选来源去获取青春期知识、性知识和性传播疾病/艾滋病知识(回归系数分别为-1.305,-0.989和-0.653,P<0.05或P<0.01)。受过大学或研究生教育的被调查者不倾向将"老师"作为首选来源去获取青春期知识及性知识(回归系数分别为-0.544和-0.638,P<0.05)。相对于没有工作经历的被调查者,有工作经历的被调查者更倾向于将"�Objective： The current study aimed to examine the preferences for sources of sex education among youth aged 15-24 years using a community-based survey data from a city in northeast of China. Methods： Data used in this study were derived from a project sponsored by the World Health Organization （WHO Project # 98200）. The sample of households was drawn by a three-stage, systematic sampling method based on the principle of probability proportionate to size. A total of 1 319 youth （15-24 years） agreed and signed informed consent before participating in the study. Participants were informed to participate voluntarily that they may withdraw from the survey or skip questions that they did not want to answer. 1 227 records were included in analysis. Descriptive statistics and muhivariate logistic regression methods were employed in this study to analysie the differences of preferences for and actually used sources of obtaining sex-related knowledge. Results： Results showed that there were gaps between the actual sources youth being used in the past and their preferences for the sources. The sources of ＂parents＂ and ＂doctors＂ had not played their role as youth expected. There were about 10.2% to 11.0% gaps between actual sources and preferred sources for ＂doctors＂ as the main sources of obtaining knowledge about ＂puberty＂, ＂sexuality＂ and ＂STIs/HIV/ AIDS＂. There were about 0.1% to 2.7% gaps for sex education from parents to their children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results indicated that age, gender, education, working experience and siblings had impact on preferences for sources of obtaining sex-related knowledge. For instance, male participants who were 20-24 years old were more likely to report ＂television/movies＂ as the preferred source of obtaining puberty （regression coefficient=0.408, P〈0.05 ）. Female participants were less likely to report ＂television/movies＂ as the preferred source of obtaining knowledge about puberty （regression coeffieient=-1

关 键 词：青少年 性教育 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 性传播疾病 数据收集 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]