小议隐喻认知观在英语学习词典中的反映  

Reflection of Cognitive View of Metaphor in English Learner's Dictionaries

作　　者：章芳颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]龙岩学院外国语学院,福建龙岩364012

出　　处：《龙岩学院学报》2010年第6期69-73,共5页Journal of Longyan University

摘　　要：认知语言学认为,隐喻在语言的意义构建和演化过程中起着重要作用,大部分多义性可以看作隐喻化的结果。学习型词典若能吸收现代隐喻的研究成果,在词典中反映隐喻的认知本质,揭示词义间的隐喻理据,能大大提高学习者准确理解和运用词汇的能力。因此,通过对几部主流英语学习词典隐喻术语的定义、隐喻标识的运用以及特色专栏的设立进行比较,认为隐喻认知观在学习词典中尚未得到充分反映,并建议如下:学习词典对隐喻术语的定义增加认知隐喻的内容;像《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》开设隐喻专栏,建立起概念隐喻模块;释义前添加括号说明或使用f"ig"、"M→"等隐喻标识揭示词义间的隐喻延伸;对义项繁多的多义词,可提供语义扩展示意图。Cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor plays an important role in meaning construction and ex-tension and that most polysemy can be seen as the result of metaphorization. If learner＇s dictionaries absorb the findings in cognitive metaphor, revealing the cognitive nature of metaphor and the metaphorical motivation be-tween multiple meanings, it will be greatly beneficial for learners to understand and manipulate words correctly. So, by comparing the definitions of metaphor, the uses of figurative labels and special columns in several leading English learner＇s dictionaries, this paper finds that the cognitive view of metaphor is not sufficiently reflected in learner＇s dictionaries and thus the author proposes that the cognitive view of metaphor be expressed in the deftnition of metaphor and that cognitive metaphor be better reflected by like MED＇s Metaphor Box, using explanation in brackets or figurative metaphorical extension between senses or providing a semantic network establishing conceptual metaphor modules labels like ＂fig＂ or ＂M→＂ to reveal graph for words multiple senses.

关 键 词：隐喻认知理论 英语学习词典 反映 

分 类 号：H316[语言文字—英语]