拥挤收费策略设计及其效率损失分析  

Design of Congestion Pricing Strategy and Analysis of Its Efficiency Loss

作　　者：武小平[1,2] 徐寅峰[1,2] 郑斐峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049 [2]机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2010年第6期123-128,共6页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70525004;60736027;70702030)

摘　　要：在静态交通量分配中,针对边际收费策略会引起系统总费用过大的问题,本文设计了最小收费策略收取拥挤道路使用费。同边际收费策略相比较,该收费策略不会增加系统的效率损失;当路阻函数不是常函数时,最小收费策略所收费用严格小于边际收费策略所收费用;最小收费策略能使得交通状况达到系统最优且收费总额度最小。For the problem of high system cost brought by the marginal congestion pricing strategy in static traffic routing,a minimum congestion pricing strategy is put forward to levy the taxes.The new strategy can not increase the efficiency loss comparing to marginal congestion pricing strategy.The taxes levied under the minimum congestion pricing strategy is less than that under marginal congestion pricing strategy strictly if there is no constant latency function.The new strategy can bring system optimal and levy minimum total taxes.

关 键 词：拥挤收费 系统最优 用户均衡 效率损失 

分 类 号：U491.265[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]