大气非均相反应及其环境效应  

ATMOSPHERIC HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

作　　者：马金珠[1] 刘永春[1] 马庆鑫[1] 刘畅[1] 贺泓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境化学》2011年第1期97-119,共23页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20937004;20877084);中国科学院知识创新工程(KZCX2-YW-Q02-03)资助

摘　　要：大气颗粒物是地球大气的重要组成成分之一,对全球气候和区域环境质量具有重要影响.由于大气颗粒物具有区域特征强、寿命较短和组成多样且不均匀等特点,使得其气候和环境效应具有相当大的不确定性.而颗粒物表面发生的非均相反应,一方面可改变痕量气体的源汇平衡,另一方面会改变颗粒物本身的表面组成、形貌和与之相关的吸湿性和光学性质,从而进一步加剧了颗粒物气候和环境效应的不确定性.本文从非均相反应的角度,综述了大气环境中重要的非均相反应过程及其环境效应,并对目前非均相大气化学领域研究中存在的问题进行了评述.Atmospheric particulate matters,which play important roles in global climate and regional air quality,are one of the most important constitutes of atmosphere.However,the climatic and environmental effects of atmospheric particulate matters（APM） have larger uncertainties because of their regional characteristics,short lifetime,and various compositions in atmosphere.On the other hand,heterogeneous reactions taking place on APMs further amplify these uncertainties because these reactions can affect not only the balance between the sources and sinks of trace gases,but also the surface composition,morphology and the relevant hygroscopic and optical properties of APMs.In this paper,the research progresses about the important atmospheric heterogeneous reactions and their environmental effects were reviewed,the future work related to atmospheric heterogeneous reactions was also proposed.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 痕量气体 大气非均相反应 环境效应 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]