基于汽车低速碰撞的尾部安全性能分析和改进  

Rear Safety Performance Analysis and Improvement Based on Automobile Low-speed Collision

作　　者：龙述尧[1] 许莹莹[1] 曾塬[1] 黄健梓 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院,广州510640

出　　处：《科技导报》2011年第2期49-53,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：中国城市的交通比较拥堵,汽车在日常行驶中常发生倒车、追尾等事故,造成汽车后保险杠甚至车体损伤。针对汽车低速尾部碰撞事故,本文建立了汽车整车有限元模型,从吸能和对车体的保护角度评价保险杠系统的保护能力。根据仿真结果,将保险杠横梁的材料选为高强度钢,对保险杠系统的碰撞性能进行改进。结果表明,改进后的保险杠系统不仅满足碰撞法规要求,而且实现了减重45%的轻量化目标。In the recent years,the traffic condition becomes increasingly crowded in Chinese cities.Tail-crash and reverse-collision take place every now and then in the daily drive,which cause damages to a rear bumper or even the body of vehicle.A finite element model of one vehicle was established and the protective performance of the rear bumper in the vehicle was studied from the energy absorption and body protections for the vehicle under the condition of rear-end accidents with a low speed.As a result of the environmental protection and the energy conservation,automobile lightweight already became the tidal current of the world automobile develops.Under the condition guaranteed the safety performance of the vehicle,the automobile should work towards light weighed target improvement.According to the simulation results,the material used for the beams on the rear bumper were modified to high-tensile steel,which made the crashworthiness of rear bumper remarkable improved.The result indicates that the bumper system after modified not only satisfies the requirements of the collision law and regulation,but also makes the weight of the bumper system reduce by 45%.

关 键 词：低速碰撞 保险杠 耐撞性 轻量化 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]