“极”作程度补语的历时发展及跨语言考察  

The Diachronic Development and Cross-linguistical Investigation of "Ji" as Degree Complement

作　　者：唐贤清[1] 陈丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2010年第4期11-19,共9页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"基于类型学视野的汉语副词研究(07BYY045)";全国优秀博士论文作者专项资金资助项目"汉语副词整体研究--历时;共时及类型学的比较"(200511);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目"历时状态下汉语副词的类型研究"(2008)的部分成果

摘　　要："极"的本义是"屋脊之栋",在历时发展过程中经历了"名词——动词——程度副词"的语法化过程,"极"能否作补语及作补语时的词性问题尚无定论。本文认为程度副词"极"可以作补语,这种用法在明代以前还比较少见,清代开始大量使用,现代汉语中,"极"作程度补语非常丰富。文章通过考察"极"的历时演变,探讨了"极"程度义获得的机制及程度补语的产生过程,同时结合汉语方言及少数民族语言中的类似用法,探讨程度副词作补语的理据。The original meaning of 'death' is 'the end of life'. In Modern Chinese,'death' appears as degree complement. The original meaning of 'ji'(极)is 'the top of roof', it has experienced the grammaticalization process 'noun-verb-degree adverb' in diachronic development. This paper argues that the degree adverbs'ji'(极)can be used as complements, but this usage was relatively rare before the Ming dynasty. It was used extensively in Qing dynasty. In modern Chinese,' ji'(极) appears as degree complements showing absoluteness. Based on the diachronic evolution of 'ji'(极), this article discusses the mechanism of 'ji'(极)'s development process. Combined with the similar usage of Chinese dialects and minority language, it explores the rationality of degree adverbs as complements.

关 键 词：程度副词 “极” 补语 历时演变 类型学 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]