基于进程代数规约生成软件体系结构模型的方法  

A Method for Generating Software Architecture Models from Process Algebra Specifications

作　　者：祝义[1,2] 黄志球[1] 周航[1] 刘林源[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学信息科学与技术学院,南京210016 [2]徐州师范大学计算机科学与技术学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2011年第2期241-250,共10页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划基金项目(2009AA010307);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(10KJB520019)

摘　　要：需求规约到软件体系结构(SA)模型的转换是软件工程领域的一个研究热点,UML-RT广泛用于实时系统软件体系结构建模,然而基于自然语言规约建立的UML-RT模型往往是不精确的,存在二义性,为了解决这一问题,需要赋予UML-RT模型形式化语义.进程代数是一种用来解决并发系统通信问题的形式化方法,具有精确的语法和语义,并且便于机器自动检验与验证.TCSP是进程代数CSP的实时扩展,适合于规约实时系统带有时间约束的行为.提出一种基于进程代数规约生成SA模型的方法.首先建立了自然语言规约到SA模型的转换框架;然后使用时间通信顺序进程(TCSP)描述实时系统需求规约,通过建立TCSP到UML-RT的转换机制,从而实现进程代数规约到SA模型的转换;最后通过一个实例来验证该方法在实时软件建模过程中的有效性.实验分析表明通过该方法建立的UML-RT模型能够从整体上提高实时系统SA设计的可信性.The transformation from specifying requirements to software architecture is a hot topic in software engineering.UML-RT（unified modeling language for realtime） is widely used in modeling the software architectures of real-time systems,but UML-RT models are often inaccurate or ambiguous,because they are created from natural language specifications.So UML-RT models need to be given formal semantics.Process algebra is a formal method being used to solve the communication problems of concurrent systems,which has precise syntax and accurate semantics to facilitate automatic verification and validation.TCSP is a real-time extension of the process algebra CSP（communicating sequential process）,which is fit for specifying timing constraint behaviours of real-time systems.A method for generating software architecture models from process algebra specifications is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the transformation framework from natural language specifications to software architecture models is defined;Secondly,TCSP is used as requirements specification of real-time systems,and software architecture models are generated from process algebra specifications by a transformation mechanism which is established between TCSP and UML-RT;Lastly,an instance is given to validate the effectivity of this method in modeling real-time softwares.Experimental results show the UML-RT models generated by this method can increase the reliability for designing the software architecture of real-time systems.

关 键 词：进程代数规约 软件体系结构 UML-RT 实时系统 时间通信顺序进程 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]