玛多县高山嵩草草地天然牧草营养评定与载畜量研究  

Study on the Evaluation of Grass Nutrition and Carrying Capacity in Alpine Grassland of Kobresia hastily in Maduo County

作　　者：郝力壮[1,2] 刘书杰[1,2] 吴克选[1,2] 赵月平[1] 张晓卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学省级重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海高原牦牛研究中心,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2011年第1期84-89,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAC61B03-1);三江源专项科研资金项目(2010-N-S05);青海省重大科技攻关项目(2005-SN-2)

摘　　要：研究选用3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的5岁大通牦牛为瘤胃液供体动物,采用体外产气法和概略养分分析法,评定三江源区玛多县高山嵩草草地型天然牧草营养价值,并计算该草地类型草地载畜量,为本地区确定适宜载畜量提供参考。研究结果表明:(1)常规营养成分中粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、水分、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)的含量分别为9.45±0.18%、3.13±0.11%、28.19±0.31%、7.07±0.08%、4.82±0.05%、0.21±0.03%、0.21±0.01%;(2)体外评定:120h产气量为75.97±1.34 ml,牧草降解率(DMD)为75.59±4.17%,24h估测消化能(DM)、代谢能(ME)、有机物质消化率(OMD)分别为11.18±0.30 MJ/kg、10.28±0.27 MJ、64.70±0.77%;(3)草地数量载畜量约为78万个羊单位;营养载畜量DCP和ME载畜量分别为147万个羊单位、110万个羊单位;(4)最适载畜量为78万个羊单位,即2.27个羊单位/hm2。Three Datong yaks of five years were used to provide rumen solution,nutritional value of native herbages in alpine grassland of Kobresia hastily in Maduo county in the source of the three rivers was evaluated in vitro with gas production method and conventional nutritional analysis method,and the carrying capacity of grassland of Kobresia hastily was calculated.The results were as follows：（1） The contents of CP,EE,ADF,H2O,Ash,Ca,P were 9.45±0.18%,3.13±0.11%,28.19±0.31%,7.07±0.08%,4.82±0.05%,0.21±0.03%,0.21±0.01% respectively.（2） After fermentation of the grass in vitro,gas value produced for 120 hours was 75.97 ± 1.34 ml,DMD was 75.59±4.17 %,the OMD,DE and ME estimated in 24 hours were 64.70±0.77%,11.18±0.30（MJ/kg）,10.28±0.27（MJ）respectively.（3） The carrying capacity of production,ME and DCP in Kobresia hastily pasture in Maduo country was 0.78,1.10 and 1.47 million sheep units approximately.（4） The most appropriate carrying capacity was 0.78 million sheep units（2.27sheep units/hm2） for the type of grassland in Maduo county.

关 键 词：高山嵩草草场型 体外产气法 营养价值 载畜量 

分 类 号：S816.15[农业科学—饲料科学]