每个孩子都应该有一台自己的笔记本电脑——访秘鲁教育部首席教育技术执行官奥斯卡·贝塞拉  

OLPC and Systemic Reform in Education——Interview with Oscar Becerra

作　　者：任友群[1] 侯承宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]《开放教育研究》编辑部

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2011年第1期4-9,共6页Open Education Research

摘　　要：2002年,被誉为"互联网教父"的美国麻省理工学院尼古拉斯·尼葛洛庞帝教授在柬埔寨一个偏远的村庄亲自做了关于笔记本电脑如何改变儿童以及他们家庭成员的生活的实验,这为很多后续实践项目埋下了伏笔,即如果全世界每个儿童都有一台自己的电脑,他们可以被发掘出什么潜力?可以解决什么问题?这些问题最终促成了"每个孩子都应该有一台自己的笔记本电脑"(One Laptop Per Child,简称OLPC)以及XO笔记本电脑计划。OLPC面对的是广大发展中国家中几乎接触不到教育的20亿贫困儿童,目的是为他们提供一种学习的手段。当儿童渴望知识时,提供给属于他们自己的XO笔记本电脑,就相当于为他们打开一扇通往世界的窗户,让他们去获取大量的信息,同样也给了他们与他人交流联系的途径和通往美好未来的跳板。很多国家和地区参与了这项计划,如巴西、泰国(在2006年泰国军事政变之后该计划被取消)、埃及、柬埔寨、多米尼加、哥斯达黎加、突尼斯、阿根廷、委内瑞拉、尼日利亚、利比亚、乌拉圭、秘鲁以及乌干达等。在这些国家中,秘鲁的OLPC项目取得了明显的成效。本期我们访谈的嘉宾就是目前负责全世界最大的一项OLPC项目的奥斯卡·贝塞拉(Oscar Becerra)博士,他将向我们介绍OLPC项目在秘鲁实施的背景、方法、效果、问题和前景,以及如何在已有条件下更好地实现教育的使命,即利用技术、方法,让学生学会更自由地对他们所处环境进行思考并做出反应。贝塞拉,心理学博士,现任秘鲁教育部首席教育技术执行官,教育信息技术相关问题国际顾问和发言人,并兼任圣马丁大学(UniversidadSan Martin de Porres,简称USMP)教育质量研究所教授。贝塞拉曾任圣伊格纳西奥·德·罗约拉大学(UniversidadSan Ignacio de Loyola)学术主任、IBM公司拉美区域教育部门负责人。作为一名训练有素的心理In 2002, MIT Professor Nicholas Negroponte experienced first-hand how connected laptops transformed the lives of children and their families in a. remote Cambodian village. A seed was planted ： If every child in the world had access to a computer, what potential could be unlocked？ What problems could be solved？ These ques- tions eventually led to the foundation of One Laptop Per Child, and the creation of the XO laptop. OLPC＇s mission is to provide a means for learning, self-expression, and exploration to the nearly two billion children of the developing world with little or no access to education. While children are by nature eager for knowledge, giving children their very own connected XO laptop, we are giving them a window to the outside world, access to vast amounts of information, a way to connect with each other, and a springboard into their future. Many countries and regions par- ticipated in the program, such as Brazil, Thailand （ canceled after the military coup in 2006 ） , Egypt, U.S. （ Mas- sachusetts and Maine） , guay, Peri, and Uganda Cambodia, Dominiea, Costarica, Tunisia, Argentina, Venezuela, Nigeria, Libya, Uru- ~ Among these countries Peril has achieved remarkable results. Oscar Becerra is Chief Educational Technology Officer at the Ministry of Education of Peril, and is responsible for the largest ＂One Laptop per Child project worldwide＂. He is also an international consultant and public speaker on issues related to Information Technology in Education. With a Ph. D. degree in Psychology, he is a research professor at University of San Martin de Porres （USMP） （ Institute for Educational Quality）. Prior to his current position, Oscar Becerra was Academic Director for San Ignacio de Loyola University and managed the Education sector for IBM Corporation in Latin America where he worked for 22 years. As a trained psychotherapist, Oscar Becerra was appointed associate professor of Psychopathology at the Master＇s Program in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Universidad de San

关 键 词：OLPC 秘鲁贫困儿童 技术 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]