轨枕支撑刚度和阻尼对小半径曲线钢轨磨耗型波磨影响的有限元研究  

Influence of sleeper support stiffness and damping on wear-type rail corrugation on a tight curve

作　　者：王国新[1] 陈光雄[1] 邬平波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学摩擦学研究所,牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2011年第2期99-103,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50875220、50675181);973计划资助项目(2007CB714700);西南交通大学创新团队培育计划资助项目(2007IRT01)

摘　　要：基于Brockley轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动引起钢轨的磨耗型波磨的理论,建立了车辆稳态通过小半径曲线时由轮对-钢轨-轨枕弹簧组成的系统有限元弹性振动模型,在模型中假设轮轨蠕滑力饱和且等于法向力与摩擦系数的乘积,应用有限元软件ABAQUS分析该模型的运动稳定性。计算结果显示,当摩擦系数μ>0.28时,轮轨系统在饱和蠕滑力作用下存在很强的自激振动趋势。这种自激振动可能是引起小半径曲线线路上内轨短波波磨的原因。研究了轨枕支撑弹簧刚度和阻尼对钢轨波磨的影响,发现较软的轨枕支撑弹簧刚度和合适的轨枕支撑阻尼可以抑制曲线线路上内轨的短波波磨。研究也发现,把离散轨枕弹簧支撑改为连续弹簧支撑,仍然不能完全消除这种磨耗型钢轨波磨。According to Brockley＇s theory that friction-induced vibration causes rail corrugation,an elastic vibration model of a wheelset-track system when a vehicle passed steadily through a tight curve was established.The model included a wheelset,two rails and a series of sleeper support springs and dampers.In the model,the creep forces between wheels and rails were assumed to be saturated and equal to the normal contact forces multiplied by a friction coefficient.The motion stability of the model was analyzed using ABAQUS package.It was found that when the friction coefficient μ0.28,there are propensities of unstable self-excited vibration which is a possible cause to lead to the short-pitch corrugation on the low rail.The influence of the sleeper support stiffness and damping on rail corrugation was studied with the model.The results showed that softer sleeper support stiffness and appropriate damping may suppress rail corrugation.It was also found that similar to the discrete sleeper support,the continuous sleeper support can not eliminate wear-type rail corrugation fully.

关 键 词：摩擦 蠕滑力 自激振动 轮轨 钢轨波磨 

分 类 号：TH117.3[机械工程—机械设计及理论]